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journal article Media and Group Cohesion: Relative Influences on Social Presence, Task Participation, and Group ConsensusMIS Quarterly Vol. 25, No. 3 (Sep., 2001) , pp. 371-390 (20 pages) Published By: Management Information Systems Research Center, University of Minnesota https://doi.org/10.2307/3250922 https://www.jstor.org/stable/3250922
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Subscribe to JPASS Unlimited reading + 10 downloads Purchase article $14.00 - Download now and later Abstract Organizations deploy advanced communication media such as audio and videoconferencing to enhance and extend group communication interactions. However, established groups (i.e., groups with a history of working together) can view and use the same technology differently from groups without any past experiences of working together. This study examines the relative influences of media condition and group cohesion on social presence, task participation, and group consensus. Results from a controlled laboratory experiment with 45 triads of college students working on a decision-making task showed that media condition (audio conferencing vs. desktop video-conferencing) has significantly smaller influences on social presence and task participation than group cohesion in established groups. The study found that influence of group cohesion over social presence is additive, rather than substitutive, to that of media condition. The study also established that task participation played a more important role than social presence in determining the degree of consensus among group members in computer-mediated communication environments. Journal Information The editorial objective of the MIS Quarterly is the enhancement and communication of knowledge concerning the development of IT-based services, the management of IT resources, and the use, impact, and economics of IT with managerial, organizational, and societal implications. Professional issues affecting the IS field as a whole are also in the purview of the journal. Publisher Information Established in 1968, the University of Minnesota Management Information Systems Research Center promotes research in MIS topics by bridging the gap between the corporate and academic MIS worlds through the events in the MISRC Associates Program. In the continual quest for better coaching practices, advocates of this profession have sought to identify key factors that contribute to the success of any sporting endeavor, and team cohesion is undeniably linked to that success (Carron, Bray, & Eys, 2002; Vincer & Loughead, 2010). Regardless of whether the sport one coaches are individual or team-based, perceptions of team cohesion are strongly related to athlete performance (Turman, 2003). To most coaches, this might seem intuitive, but this topic is worthy of further exploration. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to describe team cohesion in sports and the factors that affect it while ultimately providing coaches with strategies for achieving team cohesion. Cohesion Defined Types of
Cohesion Factors that
affect Cohesion Suggestions for Coaches Suggestions for Coaching Style
Suggestions for Team Activities Perhaps a less obvious suggestion pertains to the use of athlete leaders (e.g. team captains) to influence team cohesion. As a former team captain for many sports teams, I cannot recall a time when any of my coaches informed me of what it actually meant to be a team captain. Generally, team captains are upperclassmen who understand the team culture and are naturally well-respected by younger teammates. Coaches should educate team captains on their role and how to best use it to foster greater cohesion. However, it should be noted that team captains who act too authoritatively toward teammates can actually detract from the group’s cohesion (Vincer & Loughead, 2010). As such, the function of athlete leaders should primarily consist of social support behaviors that encourage team bonding.
Suggestions for the Coach-Athlete Relationship
As a coach, I firmly believe that the best way to achieve high cohesion is through a concerted effort to understand athletes on a deeper level. This goal can be achieved by having regularly scheduled individual meetings as well as whole team meetings. Athletes need to be given the opportunity to be heard and coaches should be willing to listen. If coaches make efforts to ensure that athletes are understood and socially connected to both coaches and teammates, teams will achieve a level of cohesion that not only promotes winning, but goes beyond it. Conclusion References Carron, A. V. (1982). Cohesiveness in sport groups: Interpretations and considerations. Journal of Sport Psychology, 4(2), 123-138. Carron, A. V., Bray, S. R., & Eys, M. A. (2002). Team cohesion and team success in sport. Journal of sports sciences, 20(2), 119-126. Carron, A. V., Widmeyer, W. N., & Brawley, L. R. (1985). The development of an instrument to assess cohesion in sport teams: The Group Environment Questionnaire. Journal of sport psychology, 7(3), 244-266. Gould, D., Guinan, D., Greenleaf, C., & Chung, Y. (2002). A survey of US Olympic coaches: Variables perceived to have influenced athlete performances and coach effectiveness. The Sport Psychologist, 16(3), 229-250. Halbrook, M., Blom, L. C., Hurley, K., Bell, R. J., & Holden, J. E. (2012). Relationships among motivation, gender, and cohesion in a sample of collegiate athletes. Journal of Sport Behavior, 35(1), 61-77. Light Shields, D. L., Gardner, D. E., Light Bredemeier, B. J., & Bostro, A. (1997). The relationship between leadership behaviors and group cohesion in team sports. the Journal of Psychology, 131(2), 196-210. Mouratidis, A., Vansteenkiste, M., Lens, W., & Sideridis, G. (2008). The motivating role of positive feedback in sport and physical education: Evidence for a motivational model. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 30(2), 240. Senécal, J., Loughead, T. M., & Bloom, G. A. (2008). A season-long team-building intervention: Examining the effect of team goal setting on cohesion. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 30(2), 186. Turman, P. D. (2003). Coaches and cohesion: The impact of coaching techniques on team cohesion in the small group sport setting. Journal of Sport Behaviour, 26(1), 86-104. Vincer, D., & Loughead, T. M. (2010). The relationship among athlete leadership behaviors and cohesion in team sports. Sport Psychologist, 24(4), 448. Yalom, I. D. (1995). The theory and practice of group psychotherapy. Basic Books. Which of the following can influence cohesiveness within a group or team?The main factors that influence group cohesiveness are: members' similarity, group size, entry difficulty, group success and external competition and threats.
Which of the following factors lead to increased team cohesion among team members?The main factors that determine team cohesion are the similarity between members' interests, group size, shared successes, and the threat of external competitors.
Which aspect of team cohesion is a greater predictor of performance outcomes?The impact of antecedent variables on team cohesion
Formal coordination is positively and significantly associated with task cohesion and social cohesion and is found to be a stronger positive predictor for task cohesion than social cohesion.
Which aspect of team cohesion is most likely to be predictive of team performance?Which aspect of team cohesion is most likely to be predictive of team performance? Task cohesion.
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