Quality AssuranceA Quality Assurance and Improvement Program (QAIP) enables an evaluation of the internal audit activity's conformance with the Definition of Internal Auditing and the International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing (Standards) and an evaluation of whether internal auditors apply the Code of Ethics. The program also assesses the efficiency and effectiveness of the internal audit activity and identifies opportunities for improvement. Show
All internal audit activities, regardless of industry, sector, or size of audit staff — even those outsourced or co-sourced — must maintain a QAIP that contains both internal and external assessments. External assessments enhance value, as they enable the internal audit activity to evaluate conformance with the Standards; internal audit and audit committee charters; the organization’s risk and control assessment; the effective use of resources; and the use of successful practices. An internal audit activity must obtain an external assessment at least every five years by an independent reviewer or review team to maintain conformance with the Standards. Internal assessments are ongoing, internal evaluations of the internal audit activity, coupled with periodic self-assessments and/or reviews. If you have not yet established a QAIP, a good first step on the path to quality is to conduct an internal quality assessment. This will establish a benchmark of the internal audit activity that can be used to establish metrics. Over time, these metrics will indicate improvement in areas of partial conformance or nonconformance with the Standards and successful practices. Questions about your Quality Assurance and Improvement Program?If you have questions about your Quality Assurance and Improvement Program or would like IIA Quality Services, LLC to conduct an external assessment, please contact IIA Quality Services at . Copyright © 2022 IIA Quality Services, LLC. All rights reserved. What Is Quality Control (QC)?Quality control (QC) is a process through which a business seeks to ensure that product quality is maintained or improved. Quality control requires the company to create an environment where management and employees strive for perfection. This is done by training personnel, creating benchmarks for product quality, and testing products to check for statistically significant variations. A significant aspect of quality control is the establishment of well-defined controls. These controls help standardize both production and reactions to quality issues. Limiting room for error by specifying which production activities are to be completed by which personnel reduces the chance that employees will be involved in tasks for which they do not have adequate training. Key Takeaways
Quality ControlUnderstanding Quality Control (QC)Quality control involves testing units and determining if they are within the specifications for the final product. The purpose of the testing is to determine any needs for corrective actions in the manufacturing process. Good quality control helps companies meet consumer demands for better products. Why Is QC Needed?Creating a product is costly, time-consuming, and can be unsafe without controls in place. Additionally, if a company sends defective products out for purchase, it could be held liable for injuries or issues that arise from using its products. Quality control inspectors ensure that defective or unsafe products are identified, and the causes are corrected. How Is It Done?Quality testing is generally completed in each step of a manufacturing or business process. Employees often begin by testing raw materials, pulling samples from the manufacturing line, and testing the finished product. Testing at the various stages of manufacturing helps identify where a production problem is occurring and the remedial steps it requires to prevent it in the future. In a non-manufacturing business, quality testing can involve customer service evaluations, questionnaires, surveys, inspections, or audits. A business can use any process or method to verify that its end product or service meets the customer's needs and is safe and legal. QC Is Different by IndustryThe quality control used in a business is highly dependent on the product or industry. For example, in food and drug manufacturing, quality control includes ensuring the product does not make a consumer sick, so the company performs chemical and microbiological testing of samples from the production line. In aircraft manufacturing, quality control and assurance is of the utmost importance. Manufacturers are required to document, track, and inspect, and reinspect all items and phases of a build to build evidence that everything is completed to very strict standards. In automobile manufacturing, quality control focuses on parts meeting specifications and tolerances. QC ensures engines, drive trains, and other mechanical parts operate smoothly, efficiently, safely, and as designed. In electronics, quality testing might involve using meters that measure the flow of electricity and stress testing. Quality Control vs. Quality AssuranceQuality control and quality assurance are terms often used to define the same thing, but there are distinct differences. Quality control focuses on quality requirements, such as ensuring a part meets specifications. Quality assurance refers to the sum of all actions and processes needed to demonstrate that quality requirements are fulfilled. What this difference means for quality professionals is that as you move through a quality control career, you might transition from quality control to quality assurance. Quality control is part of quality assurance, which are programs and departments that assure upper-level management, customers, and government inspectors that products meet all quality requirements and safety standards. Types of Quality Control MethodsThere are several methods quality control uses to communicate and track inspections and issues. For instance, a quality control chart is a graphic that depicts whether sampled products or processes are meeting their intended specifications—and, if not, the degree by which they vary from those specifications. When one chart analyzes a specific product attribute, it is called a univariate chart. A chart that measures variances in several product attributes is called a multivariate chart. Tracking variances allows businesses to see how many defects per production unit they produce and what types of defects are occurring. Here are a few examples of some methods used. X-Bar ChartRandomly selected products are tested for the given attributes the chart is tracking. A common form of a quality control chart is the X-Bar Chart, where the y-axis on the graph tracks the degree to which the variance of the tested attribute is acceptable. The x-axis tracks the samples tested. Analyzing the variance pattern on this chart helps you determine if defects are occurring randomly or systematically. Taguchi MethodThe Taguchi Method of quality control is another approach that emphasizes the roles of research and development, product design, and product development in reducing the occurrence of defects and failures in products. The Taguchi Method considers design more important than the manufacturing process in quality control and tries to eliminate variances in production before they can occur. 100% Inspection MethodThis 100% inspection method is a quality control process involving looking at and assessing all product parts. This type of quality control is done to rule out flaws in products. This method is often used to evaluate valuable metals and produce. The 100% inspection method calls for data about the manufacturing process and software to analyze inventory. The challenge of using this method is that looking at every single item used to build a product is expensive and could destabilize or render the product unusable. For example, if you use this method to examine organic strawberries, you risk damaging the berries, rendering them unsellable. Quality control methods help standardize production and reactions to quality issues in various industries, from food production to automobile manufacturing. Quality Control CareersQuality control can be a rewarding career if you enjoy working with people, communicating, presenting results, and working to make products better and safer. To become a quality control inspector, you'll need (depending on the industry):
Other qualities that are necessary for quality control professionals are:
Career PathThe route to a career in quality control and assurance varies by industry, so there may be differences. However, you'll generally need several years of experience in your industry. Typically, you begin by being hired as a quality assurance or control associate after meeting educational and work experience requirements. Once you gain work experience as a quality specialist or associate, you may move into a senior specialist position and begin managing teams of quality control specialists. You may attend professional development courses sponsored by your employer or be required to gain certifications such as Six Sigma. You might also need to earn a professional designation such as Certified Quality
Inspector. Moving up the career path, you have more options. You may be able to choose from or be selected to be a:
These positions can lead up to upper-level management or executive levels within quality control:
Quality Control SalariesThe average pay for quality control professionals differs by industry, experience, and position. Pay increases as you gain more experience and move into management positions. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reports average salaries as:
What Does Quality Control Mean?Quality control means how a company measures product quality and improves it if need be. Quality control can be done in many ways, from testing products, reviewing manufacturing processes, and creating benchmarks. This is all done to monitor significant variations in a product. What Are the 4 Types of Quality Control?There are several methods of quality control. These include an x-bar chart, Six Sigma, 100% inspection mode, and the Taguchi Method. Why Is Quality Control Important?Quality control ensures that defective goods do not go out to the public. Companies that have quality control methods in place often have employees who pay close attention to their work. In food and drug manufacturing, quality control prevents products that make customers sick, and in manufacturing, quality control can ensure that accidents don't happen when people use a product. What Are 3 Examples of Quality Control?Three examples of quality control could be in the food industry; overseeing the ingredient specifications, reviewing supplier lists, and ensuring the facility where the food product is made is sanitary. The Bottom LineHaving quality control in place within a business helps ensure product quality and the overall success of a business. The quality control environment influences employees' attitudes about the workplace and creates a sense of ownership of the products and company. Quality control can be done in various ways, from training personnel to creating data-driven tools to test products and set standards. Quality control methods help create a safe work environment and products that are safe to use and meet customers' needs. Additionally, it is a rewarding career for someone that enjoys investigating issues and improving outcomes. What is the first step in total quality management quizlet?Ans: C Feedback: The first step in quality control is to determine criteria and standards. Measuring performance or making corrections is impossible if standards have not been clearly established.
Who is responsible for overall quality assurance in a dental practice?The responsibility for quality and quality assurance lies in the hands of the dental profession.
Which of the following must be disclosed to the patient before obtaining informed consent?Valid informed consent for research must include three major elements: (1) disclosure of information, (2) competency of the patient (or surrogate) to make a decision, and (3) voluntary nature of the decision. US federal regulations require a full, detailed explanation of the study and its potential risks.
Which of the following is correct for decreasing contamination of dental imaging equipment and supplies?A good protocol to follow for decreasing the contamination of dental imaging equipment and supplies is to? Gather all supplies needed before beginning the procedure. Use over gloves if additional supplies are needed during a procedure.
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Which is the first step in developing an administrative quality control plan?
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