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Terms in this set (70)

Redesign and renewal of the total organization is addressed by operational change.

False

After the need for change has been perceived, the next part of the change process is implementing change.

False

New department technologies, demands by labor unions, and production inefficiencies are all examples of some external forces.

False

A performance gap is a disparity between the performance of the company when compared with a competitor.

False

The disparity between existing and desired performance levels is the performance gap.

True

Originality, authoritarianism, and disciplined exploration are among the characteristics of the creative individuals.

False

Centralization and short time horizon are primarily used by creative organizations.

False

The person, who, in a creativity contest, is able to develop the greatest number of new and novel concepts, is called an idea champion

False

A person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization is called an idea champion.

True

A unit that is separate from the mainstream of the organization and is responsible for developing and initiating innovations is called a new-venture team.

True

20. The lack of information about past events refers to uncertainty.

False

21. Change, according to Kurt Lewin, was a result of the competition between forced and unforced fields.

False

24. When users have power to resist, coercion tactic should be used for overcoming resistance to change.

False

25. Two possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change are coercion and negotiation.

True

26. When a change involves multiple departments, top management support is especially important.

True

27. A technological change is related to the organization's production process.

True

30. An approach to product change that emphasizes shared development of innovations among several departments is referred to as the horizontal linkage model.

True

32. Technology change involves the hierarchy of authority, goals, administrative procedures, and managerial systems.

False

33. Conflict/people change refers to a change in employees' values, norms, attitudes, beliefs, and behavior.

False

34. Mergers/acquisitions, organizational decline, and conflict management are the three types of current problems that organizational development managers face.

True

37. The three distinct steps for achieving behavioral and attitudinal change with organizational development are planning, changing and stabilizing.

False

3. ______ change is based on organizational efforts to improve basic work and organizational processes in different areas of the business.

a. Transformational
b. Unplanned
c. Government-forced
d. Incremental
e. SWOT

d. Incremental

4. ______ changes involve redesign and renewal of the total organization.

a. Transformational
b. Unplanned
c. Government-forced
d. Operational
e. Competitive

a. Transformational

1. Which of the following is not a part of change sequence?

a. Internal and external forces for change exist
b. Organization managers monitor forces and become aware of need for change
c. Initiation of change
d. Modification of change to accommodate culture/people
e. Implement change

d. Modification of change to accommodate culture/people

6. Environmental forces for change include which of these?

a. Organizational plans
b. Global competition
c. Company problems
d. Organizational needs
e. Employees

b. Global competition

7. Favorite Films was recently forced to change its compensation packages due to demands made by its labor unions. This is an example of

a. change due to environmental forces.
b. an environmental opportunity.
c. change due to internal forces.
d. an illegal tactic by labor unions.
e. competitive force.

c. change due to internal forces.

8. If top managers select a goal of rapid company growth, __________actions will have to be changed to meet that growth.

a. environmental
b. internal
c. external
d. competitive
e. facilitative

b. internal

9. At which stage of the change process do managers evaluate problems and opportunities?

a. Monitor forces for change
b. Need for change
c. Initiate change
d. Implement change
e. Internal forces

b. Need for change

10. Which of the following creates a sense of urgency so that others in the organization will recognize and understand the need for change?

a. A critical incident
b. A performance gap
c. An environmental factor
d. A behavioral occurrence
e. An OT analysis

b. A performance gap

11. Which of these indicate a disparity between existing and desired performance levels?

a. Environmental opportunity
b. Performance gap
c. Behavioral occurrence
d. Critical incident
e. Organizational structural imbalance

b. Performance gap

12. Heather is seeing, on a regular basis, a difference between current and expected performance levels. She should begin

a. to gather more data.
b. to implement change.
c. to perceive a need for change.
d. to change the reward system.
e. all of the above.

c. to perceive a need for change.

13. Recently, a high level manager at Medal Molding noted a rise in customer satisfaction complaints. This rise is inconsistent with Medal's goals in this area. This manager has identified

a. a performance gap.
b. a critical incident.
c. a behavioral occurrence.
d. an environmental opportunity.
e. a SWOT analysis.

a. a performance gap.

14. The step after the need for change has been recognized is to

a. implement change.
b. monitor the environment.
c. initiate change.
d. monitor the internal organization.
e. wait for conditions to change.

c. initiate change.

15. The process of learning about current developments that can be used to meet a perceived need for change is referred to as
a. creativity.
b. search.
c. strategic analysis.
d. SWOT analysis.
e. an idea champion.

b. search.

16. Search, creativity, and new-venture teams are all associated with which of the following steps of the change process?

a. Initiating change
b. Recognizing the need for change
c. Implementing change
d. Need for change
e. Analyzing feedback

a. Initiating change

17. The generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization is called

a. a search initiative.
b. creativity.
c. an ideal champion.
d. a great idea.
e. strategic analysis.

b. creativity.

19. ______ is the generation of novel solutions to perceived problems.

a. Problem solving
b. Organizational development
c. Creativity
d. Brainstorming
e. Perceived solution

c. Creativity

20. All of the following are characteristics of creative organizations EXCEPT

a. use of teams.
b. risk taking norms.
c. centralization.
d. long term horizon.
e. loose controls.

c. centralization.

21. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a creative individual?

a. Conceptual theory
b. Undisciplined exploration
c. Persistence and focused approach
d. Authorization and dependent
e. All of the above are characteristic of a creative individual

d. Authorization and dependent

23. Creative organizations

a. are characterized by an unusually high number of routine jobs.
b. are loosely structured.
c. have little ambiguity.
d. have too many layers of management.
e. use a centralized decision making approach.

b. are loosely structured.

26. Samantha has average technical skills but her real strengths lay in visualizing the benefits of other's ideas and in finding financial and political support for these ideas. Samantha is an excellent example of

a. a critic.
b. a sponsor.
c. an idea champion.
d. an inventor.
e. a bureaucrat.

c. an idea champion.

27. Stephanie, as a vice-president of marketing, is far removed from the research and development department. However, she keeps a close eye on what is happening in R & D and tries to support good ideas whenever she can by removing unnecessary organizational obstacles. Stephanie is a good example of

a. an inventor.
b. a sponsor.
c. a critic.
d. an idea champion.
e. none of the above.

b. a sponsor.

31. The ______ is a unit separate from the rest of the organization responsible for the development of a major innovation.

a. new product group
b. matrix group
c. new-venture team
d. vertical group
e. change team

c. new-venture team

33. A fund providing resources from which individuals and groups draw to develop new ideas, products, or businesses is referred to as a(n)

a. personal fund.
b. development fund.
c. new-venture fund.
d. change fund.
e. mutual fund.

c. new-venture fund.

34. The biggest barrier to organizational change is usually

a. disagreements about the benefits.
b. uncertainty about the future.
c. a lack of understanding and trust.
d. fear of personal loss.
e. too much trust.

d. fear of personal loss.

36. After every quarterly board meeting, Trudy's Trinkets, Inc. announces big changes. They usually do not follow through on these changes. What is causing this lack of enthusiasm?

a. Disagreements about the benefits
b. Self interests
c. A lack of trust
d. Goals and assessments
e. Competitors

c. A lack of trust

37. Adam's Ants, Inc. has decided to restructure the entire organization. You hold a meeting with your employees to notify them of the change. You do not give them any detailed information. Which of the barriers to change would you expect your employees to exhibit?

a. Disagreements about the benefits
b. Uncertainty about the future
c. A lack of trust
d. Fear of organizational loss
e. All of the above.

b. Uncertainty about the future

38. You are the production manager for Charlie's Construction, Inc. You decide to change the production procedure to increase efficiency. One of your long-time foremen is resisting the change, insisting that the idea won't work. He is exhibiting what obstacle to change?

a. Different assessment and goals
b. Uncertainty about the future
c. A lack of trust
d. All of the above
e. b and c only

a. Different assessment and goals

39. What is force field analysis?

a. The analysis of the forces that drive customers to a certain organization
b. The analysis of the forces that drive the organization of a company
c. The process of determining which forces drive and which resist a proposed change
d. The process by which an organization forces changes to occur
e. None of the above

c. The process of determining which forces drive and which resist a proposed change

40. Garrett International is anticipating changes in their production procedures. You have been assigned to identify potential barriers to the change and suggest solutions to these barriers. You are using

a. force field analysis.
b. barrier analysis.
c. negotiation.
d. assessment of goals.
e. all of the above.

a. force field analysis.

41. The development of highly specialized computers to verify daily inventory checks at Wal-Mart, would be an example of which type of change?

a. Communication
b. Coercive
c. Traditional
d. Cultural
e. New product

a. Communication

43. The ______ approach to change implementation should be used when users have power to resist

a. education
b. participation
c. coercion
d. top management support
e. domination

b. participation

45. Which approach should a group use to resist change if the group has power over implementation and if the group will lose out in the change?

a. Negotiation
b. Top management support
c. Participation
d. Coercion
e. Education

a. Negotiation

46. Which approach to change implementation should be used when a crisis exists?

a. Education
b. Participation
c. Coercion
d. Top management support
e. None of the above

c. Coercion

49. Before implementing new changes in work schedules, Car Decals works with the union to ensure a smooth transition. What approach to change is this company using?

a. Negotiation
b. Top management support
c. Participation
d. Coercion
e. Education

a. Negotiation

50. ___ symbolizes to all employees that the change is important for the organization.
a. Education
b. Coercion
c. Participation
d. Negotiation
e. Top management support

e. Top management support

51. A change is related to the organization production process.

a. new product
b. technological
c. structural
d. culture/people
e. competitive

b. technological

52. _______ changes are encouraged by a flexible, decentralized structure.

a. New product
b. Technological
c. Structural
d. Culture/people
e. Product/structure

b. Technological

55. Which change requires many departments such as manufacturing, marketing, and research to work together for successful change?

a. New product
b. Technological
c. Structural
d. Culture/people
e. Government

a. New product

60. New product changes require coordination that occurs with the .

a. top-down approach
b. bottom-up approach
c. horizontal linkage model
d. time-based approach
e. vertical approach

c. horizontal linkage model

61. What is the term that is associated with a strategy of competition based on the ability to deliver products and services faster than the competitors?

a. Service competition
b. Time-based competition
c. Parallel competition
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

b. Time-based competition

63. ______ changes may involve hierarchy, goals, and procedures.

a. New product
b. Technological
c. Structural
d. Culture/people
e. Customer

c. Structural

64. ______ are the champions of structural change.

a. Middle and top managers
b. Top and lower-level managers
c. Middle and lower-level managers
d. Lower-level managers and operatives
e. Operatives and customers

a. Middle and top managers

65. A company has decided to change their management structure and remove a layer of management. What approach to change would be most successful?

a. Bottom-up change
b. Top-down change
c. Horizontal linkage model
d. Diagonal communication change
e. Time-based

b. Top-down change

is defined by the text as the application of behavioral science knowledge to improve an organization's health and effectiveness through its ability to cope with environmental changes, improve internal relationships, and increase problem-solving capabilities.

a. Conflict management
b. Organizational revitalization
c. Organizational development
d. Organizational linkage
e. Horizontal linkage

c. Organizational development

67. Organizational development can help managers address problems such as merger/acquisitions, conflict management, and .

a. cultural changes
b. force field analysis
c. organizational productivity
d. organizational decline/revitalization
e. none of the above

d. organizational decline/revitalization

68. Which of the following is NOT a type of current problem that organizational development can help address?

a. Mergers
b. Acquisitions
c. Diversification
d. Organizational decline
e. Conflict management

c. Diversification

69. There are many organizational development activities, which are effective in solving many different problems. enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups.

a. Team building
b. Survey feedback
c. Intergroup activities
d. Process-Consultation activities
e. Symbolic management

a. Team building

71. A step in the diagnosis stage of organizational development in which participants are made aware of problems is referred to as

a. change agent.
b. changing.
c. refreezing.
d. unfreezing.
e. exercising.

d. unfreezing.

72. Organizational development specialists identify three distinct steps for achieving behavioral and attitudinal changes. These are
a. freezing, changing, and intervention.
b. unfreezing, change agent, and freezing.
c. unfreezing, intervention, and refreezing.
d. intervention, refreezing, and change agent.
e. none of the above.

c. unfreezing, intervention, and refreezing.

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