What would the client hold to complete the circuit when using the galvanic machine?

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When performing galvanic which electrode does the client hold and which does the esthetician hold?
Which electrode is held by a client to create a circuit?
How does the galvanic machine work?
What is galvanic facial procedure?

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Question	Answer
Form of energy that produces light, heat, magnetic and chemical changes	Electricity
Electricity travels in a circuit, when you switch on the appliance, the circuit is	Complete
The flow of electricity along a conductor	Electric current
Material that allows electricity to flow through it easily	Conductor
The technical term for any electrically powered appliances	Load
A material that does not allow the flow of electric current	Insulator
Unit of electrical strength	Amp
Unit of electric pressure	Volt
Unit of electric resistance	Ohm
Measure of electrical energy being used	Watt
The application of electrical currents during a treatment to the skin	Electrotherapy
Flow of electricity along a conductor is called	Electric current or modality
Constant current in which electrons move at an even rate and flow in only one direction	Direct current or DC
Rapid oscillating cycle that alternates back and forth, allowing electrons to flow first in one direction and then the other	Alternating current or AC
Rapid oscillating cycle that alternates back and forth, allowing electrons to flow first in one direction and then the other-the number of times this cycling occurs per second is called what	Frequency
Special instrument used to transform DC to AC	Converter
Special instrument used to transform AC to DC	Rectifier
Indicates the number of cycles per second that a generator alternates current	Hertz rating
Materials that transport electricity easily are called	Conductors
Silver, copper, aluminum, other metals, carbon, and water	Examples of conductors
Conductors are safely contained in what	Insulators
Examples of insulators	Silk, dry air, plastic, rubber, wood, glass, brick, cloth, certain liquids
What stores electrochemical energy and converts it to electrical energy when a piece of equipment, or load, is connected and turned on	Battery
Machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy	Generator
Generators operate according to the principle of	Electromagnetic induction, discovered by Michael Faraday in 1831
Watts times Amps equals	Volts
Unit of strength	Amp
Unit of Pressure	Volt
Unit of resistance	Ohm
Measure of electricity used	Watt
The number of electrons flowing through a particular line indicates	Amp rating
The power that skin care equipment puts out is measured in	Milliamperes (1/1000th of an amp)
What measures the amount of pressure exerted on electrons as they are being forced or pushed by the source	Volt or voltage * AC generators force or push 110 or 220 volts in a circuit
The resistance to the motion of the electrons through a conductor is called an	Ohm rating
1,000 watts equals one	Kilowatt *rate energy used is measured in Kilowatt hours
The rating that means an appliance has been certified to operate safely under the conditions specified in the instructions	UL or Underwriter’s Laboratory
For electricity to power any electric appliance, there needs to be a	Closed path or circuit
When an appliance is turned off the circuit is what?	broken or called an open circuit
Device that indicated th amount of current flowing through the equipment and regulates the amount with a dial or knob	Rheostat
When more current flows though the electrical line that it is designed to carry is called an	Overload
Occurs any time a conductor comes in contact with a wire carrying current to a load	Short Circuit
When electricity passes through a small part of the body, and can cause burns and muscle contractions	Local Shock
When electricity passes through the nervous system	General Shock or Electrocution
Facial Treatments that require the use of electricity	Electrotherapy
The flow of electricity along a conductor, which is equal to the ratio of voltage to resistance	Electrical Current or Modality
4 Main types of currents used in Electrotherapy treatments	Galvanic, High Frequency (also called Tesla), Faradic and Sinusoidal
Only constant direct current (DC) of low voltage and high amperage that produces and electro chemical effect	Galvanic Current
Galvanic Current used to force water-solvable skin care products into the skin	Ionization
Electrochemical effect that are produced during treatments using Galvanic current occur when	Current passes through particular acid (positively charged) or alkaline (negatively charged) solutions and/or by passing current through body tissues and fluids
Special appliance used to convert the alternating current from the outlet to direct current for Galvanic Current	Rectifier
The process of forcing water-based solution in to the skin by applying Galvanic Current to the solution is known as	Phoresis is *In the past, phoresis was commonly known as a method of skin bleaching
2 types of Phoresis	Anaphoresis and cataphoresis
Allows an alkaline solution to enter the skin when assisted by Galvanic Current and the negative pole of an electrode	Anaphoresis
Type of phoresis often used in desincrustation	Anaphoresis
Treatment in which blockages in the skin, such as clogged pores or blackheads, are broken down; also known as deep pore cleansing. Water-soluble solutions used are alkaline and have a negative charge.	Desincrustation
Allows an acidic solution to enter the skin when assisted by Galvanic Current and the positive pole of an electrode	Cataphoresis
This type of phoresis Often used in iontophoresis-a treatment in which the deeper layers of the epidermis are built up or nourished	Cataphoresis
Treatment in which the deeper layers of the epidermis are built up or nourished. Water-soluble solutions used are acidic and have a positive charge; most often performed following extraction and prior to massage	Iontophoresis
Benefits of Desincrustation using Anaphoresis	Softens tissue Expands Pores Increases blood flow and sensitivity
Benefits of Iontophoresis using Cataphoresis	Penetrates a specific product into the skin Tightens and firms the tissue Contracts follicle walls Constricts blood vessels/decreases blood flow Soothes nerve endings & deceases sensitivity Creates antibacterial effect on the skin Relieves irritation
Having the opposite poles in an electric current	Polarity
What method of current is the ONLY way to alter the pH of the skin’s acid mantle to force nutrients deep into the epidermis	Galvanic Current
The only direct current method	Galvanic Current
3 types of alternating currents, which mean electrons move in a reverse pattern at a high frequency rate	High Frequency, Faradic, Sinusoidal
Polarity only happens with which current	Galvanic Current
Negatively charged electrode	Cathode
Positively charged electrode	Anode
Machine that switches the current from negative to positive or positive to negative	Polarity changer
When the electrode held by the esthetician is in the positive mode, the reaction on the skin will be	Acidic
When the electrode is switched to a negative polarity, the reaction on the skin will be	Alkaline
An alkaline (negatively charged) solution is applied to the skin is called	Disincrustation
An acidic (positively charged) solution is applied to the skin and the electrode of the Galvanic machine, held by the esthetician, will also be positively charged is called	Iontophoresis
Also finish with the positive polarity, pulling away from the skin using negative polarity can leave the skin too alkaline, fostering an environment for bacteria to grow is when what concerning polarities are used	Both Polarities
Alternating (or oscillating) current that can be adjusted to different voltages to produce heat	High Frequency Current (or Tesla Current)
The process of forcing a water based solution into the skin by applying current to the solution	Phoresis
Type of phoresis in which a negative electrode with a negatively charged alkaline solution is used to perform desincrustation	Anaphoresis
Type of phoresis in which a positive electrode with a positively charged acidic solution is used to perform iontophoresis	Cataphoresis
Treatment in which sebum is broken down or blackheads are liquefied, as in deep-pore cleansing	Desincrustation
Treatment in which deep layers of the epidermis are built up or nourished	Iontophoresis
Term given to the electrode held by the skin care specialist during a treatment	Active electrode
Term used to describe the electrode held by the client	Inactive electrode
Positive end of an electrode	Anode
Negative end of an electrode	Cathode
Sometimes known as the Violet-ray effect	High Frequency Current
More oxygen allowed into the area therefore more ozone produced during high frequency is known as	Sparking
Means the skin care specialist holds the electrode and applies it directly to the client’s face.	Direct High Frequency
Used to treat oily skin with overall congestion	Direct High Frequency
Means that the esthetician doesn’t not apply the current to the surface of the skin, instead the client hold the indirect electrode and the esthetician gently massages the clients skin while electrical current passes through eh esthetician’s hands	Indirect high frequency
Known as a Viennese Massage, utilizes electrical current to relax the client	Indirect High Frequency
Benefits: Stimulates surface tissue, creates heat on the surface of the skin, increases circulation and blood flow, drives the surface of the skin and excess sebum within the pores, heals existing papules and pustules, delivers a germicidal effect	Direct High Frequency
Benefits: warms tissues, stimulates sebum production and secretion, induces relaxation	Indirect High Frequency
Used to treat oily skin and results in a germicidal effect, skin care specialist uses an electrode in direct contact with the client’s skin	Direct High Frequency
Used to relax the client, aid in the penetration of product and assist in massage for mature skin. Client holds electrode skin care specialists hands are in direct contact with the clients skin. Current turned off before the client returns the electrode	Indirect High Frequency
Narrow space between the electrode and skin used to provide germicidal, healing and drying effect during either direct or indirect High frequency treatments	Sparking or Spark Gap
Alternating current (AC) that is interrupted to produce a mechanical, non-chemical reaction	Faradic Current
Passive form of exercise because it stimulates the muscle with the aid of a machine and current. Stimulation to the motor point of the muscle can accuse a muscle contraction that can actually be seen	Faradic Current
Current that is soothing and relaxing and is believed to help preserve muscle tone	Faradic Current
Esthetician places both electrodes in the clients skin, being certain that the electrodes never touch. Current is turned on slowly and increased. Currents treacle between 2 electrodes causing muscle stimulation.	Direct Faradic Current
Esthetician wears a wristband with moistened electrode. Second electrode is wrapped in moist cotton and either held by client or placed beneath clients lower neck between shoulder.Facial massage with particular focus on motor points	Indirect Faradic Current
Benefits: Stimulates muscles, improves blood circulation, improves muscle tone, increases glandular activity	Direct Faradic Current
Benefits: Preserves muscle tone, improves circulation and provides relaxation	Indirect Faradic Current
Alternating current (AC) that produces a mechanical effect, similar to the way Faradic Current produces muscle contractions. Penetrates more deeply and can provide greater stimulation to the treated area.	Sinusoidal Current
Preferred treatment for middle aged and older clients, generally last no longer than 20 mintues	Sinusoidal Current
Benefits: Deeper penetration, Greater stimulation to treated areas, Less irritation	Sinusoidal
Max time for Galvanic Current	6 minutes
Max time for Direct High Frequency	5 minutes
Max time for Indirecte High Frequency	7 minutes
Max time for Sinusoidal Current	30 minutes
Produces beneficial effects on the body through the use of light rays or waves	Light Therapy
Combination of radiation and heat energy creates	Light waves
Transfer of heat energy through empty air space	Radiation
Movement of electrons	Heat Energy
When heat energy is transferred by radiation, these electrons move in wave-like patterns. These waves of electrons are called	Electromagnetic radiation
The light that humans see	Visible light
Light that cannot be seen	Invisible light
Invisible light, either infrared or ultraviolet is used in	Light therapy treatments
Combination of light	White light
2 types of white light	Fluorescent and incandescent
Economical and long-lasting light source	Fluorescent Light
Light provided by ordinary light bulb producing red or warm tones	Incandescent light
Closest substitute for natural sunlight	Incandescent light
Invisible rays slightly longer than the wavelengths that produce the visible light rays seen as the color red	Infrared Rays *Can penetrate all layers of skin and affect muscle, bone, nerves and joints
Invisible rays slightly shorter than wavelengths that produce the visible light rays seen as the color violet.	Ultraviolet Rays
Light that produces heat	Infrared Light or IR
Benefits: INcreases circulation Increases skin gland secretions Relaxes muscles Stimulates cell and tissue activity	Infrared light or IR
Used by dermatologists on individuals with severe acne due to the light’s antibacterial effects	UV Light Treatments
Actinic or cold rays, produce positive or negative effects on the skin depending on the exposure time. Produces Vitamin d which promotes healing. Germicidal and can kill bacteria	Ultraviolet light or UV light
Ultraviolet rays that are beyond the ozone and have little effect on the exposure that the skin receives.	UVC rays
Ultraviolet rays that we are exposed to most frequently from the sun. Penetrate the lower layers of the epidermis and stimulates the melanin production. Burn Rays	UVB rays
Most frequently used in tanning booths. Penetrate beyond the epidermis to the dermis and destroy valuable protein substances, collagen and elastin fibers. Necessary for the synthesis of Vit. D	UVA rays
Transfer of heat via direct contact	Conduction
Transfer of heat via liquid or gas	Convection
Transfer of heat through a vacuum	Radiation
Mild heat relaxes the muscles and increased blood circulation. Intense heat destroys cells and tissues-thermal breakdown of the skin (called pyrolysis)is evident when a blister forms on burned skin	Thermal effects
Push	Repulsion
Pull	Attraction
Created when electric current travels through a water-based solution (a liquid conductor) and onto the body.	Electrochemical effect
The only current capable of productions electrochemical effects either relaxing or stimulation	Galvanic Current
Conductor used to bring current from an appliance to the client’s skin	Electrode
Metal rollers, the shape of tiny rolling pins. Rolled across face and neck with Galvanic Current Allows for product penetration over the entire face	Metal or Ionto Rollers
Small metal ball used to reach certain smaller facial areas Rolled into small areas around nose, mouth and near eyes using Galvanic Current Increases product penetration into small, delicate areas of the face	Metal Ball
Approximately 4” metal prongs the width of pinky finger Stroked across lines and crevices using Galvanic Current Promotes product penetration in delicate lines and crevices of the face	Metal Single-Prong Or Metal Double-Prong
Small, thin metal electrode about the size of tweezer Stroked across smaller areas during Desincrustation using Galvanic Current Increases product penetration in small, clogged areas Dissolves sebum	Tweezer or Flat Head
A soft, sponge-type mask that cover the entire face except eyes, nose and mouth Placed over entire face using Galvanic Current Promotes even product penetration over the entire face	Galvanic or Ionto Mask
Glass electrode with a stem and comb shaped end Stroked in a back and forth movement on scalp during Direct High Frequency treatment Stimulates Scalp	Comb
Glass electrode with a stem and rake-like shape at one end Stroked in a back and forth movement on scalp using Direct High Frequency Current Stimulates Scalp	Rake
Metal electrode placed around client’s wrist Clamped around client’s wrist as inactive electrode during Galvanic Current Treatments An inactive electrode. Completes the flow of current in iontophoresis and Desincrustation	Wrist
Glass electrode with a long steam and mushroom-like shape at the opposite end Used in circular, gliding motions across the entire face during Direct High Frequency Treatment Creates a germicidal effect on the skin	Mushroom
Glass electrode shaped like a horseshoe Used in upward strokes on neck during Direct High Frequency treatment Produces heat and creates a germicidal effect on the skin of the neck	Horseshoe
Glass electrode with spiral metal filament visible in the center approx 5” long and the width of a thumb Placed firmly in hand and held by client during Indirect High Frequency treatment Enhances product penetration and relaxation during massage	Indirect or Spiral
Provides light and magnification	Magnifying lamp or loupe
A measurement of the degree of magnification	Diopter
Uses light an magnification to assist in thoroughly analyzing skin and highlighting various facial skin conditions. Uses UV or Black light to to colorize different areas of the skin to indicate different conditions	Wood’s Lamp
Woods Lamp:Blue-white	Normal, healthy skin
Woods Lamp: Bright Fluorescent	Hydrated skin
Woods Lamp: Light violet	Dehydrated skin
Woods Lamp: Purple Fluorescent	Thin skin without enough moisture (dehydrated)
Woods Lamp: White Spots	Horny layer of the skin and dead cells
Woods Lamp: WHite Fluorescent	Thick Corneum layer
Woods Lamp: Yellow, Pink, Orange	Oily areas of the face and clogged pores
Woods Lamp: Brown	Pigmentation, dark spots and sun damage
Elaborate magnifying mirror/light that incorporates a black light	Skin Scope (dreamscape or skin scanner)
THe most important piece of equipment in the facial treatment room. Device sprays lukewarm, diffused vapor mist onto the surface of the skin	Facial steamer or facial vaporizer
Placement of the facial steamer	16” from clients face and aimed at the chin for even distribution on the face for 3-5 minutes
Acts like a miniature vacuum cleaner to aid in deep pore cleansing by drawing out dirt, impurities and sebum	Suction machine
Automated spraying device	Spray machine
Unique atomizer that allows for the application of various herbs, extracts or astringents to be applied to the skin in a very fine mist.	Electric Pulverizer Spray or Lucas Spray
Features a handheld attachment with a small round burst suitable for the face and body; used to slough off dead skin cells Allows for superficial exfoliation and a more thorough cleansing of the skin	Rotating Brush Machine
Used to achieve a light resurfacing of the epidermis; consists of a generator, 2 glass containers, plastic tubing and a hand piece Increases circulation; stimulates nerve endings; smooths lines & wrinkles, reduced hyperpigmentation & superficial scarring	Microdermabrasion Machine
Features a combination of difference electrical units combined into one piece of equipment. Space saving and efficient	Multifunction Machine
Applied over the face on top of a pre-cut terry cloth; produces warm, moist heat at a comfortable the pasture Softens skin; deepens product penetration; liquifies grease deposits; moisturizes dry skin	Electric Mask
Hands/feet are slipped into heated mittens or boots with disposable plastic liners. Allows deeper penetration of products	Treatments mittens and booties
Electric containers that melt blocks of paraffin wax used in face, hand, foot, body treatments Increases the rate of penetration of products; warms the skin	Paraffin heating unit
Specially designed heating containers that melt wax for hair removal purposes Available in a variety of sizes; controllable tempature	Wax heating unit
Heated cabinet with controllable temperature Keeps a supply of warm, moist towels ready to remove products from the skin	Hot Towel Cabinet

When performing galvanic which electrode does the client hold and which does the esthetician hold?

You as the esthetician always holds the active electrode. Client holds the inactive electrode. Always have the probe in contact with the body before turning on the current.

Which electrode is held by a client to create a circuit?

indifferent electrode means the stainless steel bar held by the client during electrology treatments to complete current circuit with galvanic/electrolysis modality or with the use of a timer delay switch in automatic delivery epilators.

How does the galvanic machine work?

The galvanic machine converts the alternating current received from an electrical outlet into one direct current (direct current is just like the electricity from a battery). Electrons are then allowed to flow continuously in the same direction.

What is galvanic facial procedure?

What is a galvanic facial? A galvanic facial uses direct electrical current to introduce water-soluble substances into the surface of the skin. This helps to improve absorption and is obviously therefore great for dry or dehydrated skin.

What would the client hold to complete the circuit when using the galvanic machine?

When performing galvanic which electrode does the client hold and which does the esthetician hold?

Which electrode is held by a client to create a circuit?

How does the galvanic machine work?

What is galvanic facial procedure?

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