Defining a Successful DeliveryDelivery is "real" when the speaker is honest and talks with the audience without acting. Show
Learning Objectives List the four main qualities that make a speech "real" and describe their use Key TakeawaysKey Points
Key Terms
Keeping it "real"Successful delivery has two components according to Quintilian 9. A good man (or woman), speaking well has to be "real", firstly you need to know and speak the truth; and secondly, you cannot be posing or acting when you speak. Marcus Fabius Quintilianus : A statue of Quintilianus with his hand raised to speak to a crowd. Ethics of the speaker Being a real
person is the ethical nature of public speaking. Quintilian considered the ethical nature of the speaker first. The speaker is obligated to be a person of good character and speak the truth. Socrates : Socrates using his "socratic" method as he teaches a student. How does the speaker keep it real?Let's look at two important aspects of speaking well, which may serve as a guide. Speaking as magnified conversationIn general, audiences in North America seem to respond more favorably to public speaking which is modeled as a natural, but magnified conversation. Public speaking is a conversation with the audience. Working with this model, you will find that certain behaviors will be more successful than others.
Requirements of the occasion Conversational speaking or dialog with the audience does not mean that you are always informal or use casual speech. Different speaking occasions have different degrees of formality. The audience will judge, as so you need to adapt the appropriateness of dress, posture and word choice associated with how formal or informal the occasion may be.
Ultimately, the successful speaker is really true to self and receives the desired response from the audience. Choosing Your Method of DeliverySpeakers may or may not be able to choose a delivery method, but keeping best speech practices in mind leads to success in each situation. Learning Objectives Develop your personal delivery style, considering the four methods of speech delivery Key TakeawaysKey Points
Key Terms
Implications for Selection of MethodFour Methods for Different Occasions There are four common methods of delivery--impromptu with little or no preparation, memorization, reading from prepared manuscript, and extemporaneous with outline or notes. Often you will not have a choice in the method of the delivery; the demands of the situation or the occasion may dictate the method. For example, you may be called on to respond to what someone
else has just said, or to add a few words with no time to prepare. Or, you could be called upon to read a proclamation or announcement. Developing a Speaking Persona for Different Situations You will want to develop your own persona for all methods of
delivery. In the study of communication, persona is a term given to describe the versions of self that all individuals possess. You behave according to the desired impression you wish to create when speaking with others. A person may create or manifest different personas at different times, for different occasions. In particular, the persona you present before others when speaking will differ from the persona your present when you happen to be alone. Here are some important considerations for
developing a natural, conversational persona for speech delivery. British Rapper Speech Debelle: If you develop your own delivery style, you will always be prepared to give a good speech. Remember that speaking is a perfectly normal act, which
does not call for strange, artificial methods, but only for an extension and development of the familiar act of conversation. The objective is to develop and magnify your own honest and sincere persona as a speaker without imitation when communicating with the audience. Speaking from a ManuscriptYour manuscript delivery method will vary depending on whether the manuscript is your own or someone else's. Learning Objectives Explain the
advantages and disadvantages of delivering a speech directly from a manuscript Key TakeawaysKey Points
Key Terms
You may need to use the manuscript provided to you without adding your own thoughts or comments. However, there are other situations where you will need to prepare your own manuscript perhaps for publication in a newsletter or to make sure you include exact wording. When Provided with a ManuscriptYou need to delivery it exactly as written. You are delivering words which were prepared by someone else; they are the original author's ideas and not your own that you are presenting to the audience. The manuscript could take many different forms. It could be a short story, a poem, or an article. You may also be provided with a special type of document, called a proclamation. Manuscript: A medieval Latin manuscript by Aristotle with original Greek text added in the margins. With a proclamation, the wording is exact and must be read exactly as written, as it is a distinct speech act that puts the statements into effect. If are reading a proclamation and say, "I now declare..." when you finish you have actually made it happen. When preparing your own manuscript If you are preparing your own manuscript for delivery, consider first the audience and write for them as if you were speaking directly to them. You are not writing a book but a speech to be delivered. When you deliver the speech from manuscript, you are challenged to make a connection
with the audience rather than simply read words. When Working with a Teleprompter You may also work with a teleprompter to increase eye contact and presence with the audience. Teleprompter in use: This teleprompter is in use for a broadcast. Speaking from MemoryIt to your advantage to memorize your speech in some situations, and a distracting disadvantage in others. Learning Objectives Demonstrate how to deliver a speech from
memory so that you appear natural and relatable to the audience Key TakeawaysKey Points
Key Terms
Uses of Memorized Delivery Good orators of the past were expected to deliver their speeches
from memory without notes or other aids. Today, you may find it to your advantage to memorize your speech or presentation.
Advantages Tips for the SpeakerYou may use various approaches to memorize and rehearse your speech. Below are some guidelines to follow when delivering a memorized speech:
Engage the Audience: To be successful, a speaker should connect with the audience, not just recite words. Overall, if you have the attitude that you are communicating with an audience rather than reciting words, you are likely to succeed. Impromptu SpeechesAn impromptu speech is given with little or no preparation, usually about a topic that the speaker knows well. Learning Objectives List ways to quickly prepare when called
upon to give an impromptu speech Key TakeawaysKey Points
Key Terms
Impromptu SpeechAn impromptu speech is given with little or no preparation, yet almost always with some advance knowledge on the topic. When called to speak "off the cuff" on the "spur of the moment," is is usually because the speaker is quite knowledgeable about the subject. For example, if called on to speak in class, a student might give a short impromptu speech about a topic that was in the assigned readings. Business meetings also use a "check in" to tell everyone else about a current project. In small informal meetings, the audience will interrupt an impromptu speech and ask questions, which helps guide the speech and the information that is presented. When campaigning, politicians sometimes respond to reporters or voters almost anywhere and at any time. Impromptu Speech: Mohamed el-Beltagy, running for the lower house of Parliament, stops to give an impromptu speech. AdvantagesRemember that you are generally in control of the content you are presenting, so you can include topics that you want to talk about. Additionally, you can use personal examples from experience to support what you are saying. Since you are an authority on the topic, you want to speak with conviction like you really mean it. Your delivery will naturally be more conversational and spontaneous. Since you are not prepared with pages of notes, you are more likely to speak directly to the audience just like if you were speaking to another person in a conversation. DisadvantagesSince you are not well-prepared, you may have difficulty thinking of what to say or formulating the ideas once you get up to speak. Although you are familiar with the topic, your speech may lack details and supporting information. If the audience is passive and does not ask questions to guide you, you may overlook some significant content. Hopefully, someone in the audience will ask questions so you can fill in gaps. Additionally, impromptu speaking is rarely appropriate for occasions which require more reasoned discourse with supporting ideas or more formal events. Tips for the Speaker (Impromptu Preparation)What do you do if you are asked to speak at the last minute? It is best to become familiar with common organization patterns so you can apply them in any situation and then also consider what you have been asked to speak about. Are you presenting your opinion? State your opinion, the reasons why you support that opinion, and conclude. Is it something that happened? Retell the event from beginning to end (first, next, then, etc.). Is it a demonstration? Explain each step in the process from first to last.
Extemporaneous SpeechesExtemporaneous, the most natural method of delivery, involves glancing at notes while maintaining crucial eye contact with the audience. Learning Objectives Give examples of note-taking strategies for extemporaneous speeches Key TakeawaysKey Points
Key Terms
Extemporaneous Speech Extemporaneous speaking is one of the most natural methods for delivering a prepared speech. You can use an
extemporaneous speech to achieve a more natural tone, flow and style with the audience. Preparing Speech Notes There are two popular methods for creating a graphical representation for notes: outlining, and mind or concept mapping.
Speaking notes, topic
outlines, and phrase outlines have an advantage over sentence outlines. For example, you can easily look at your notes for reference and as a personal reminder of which topics to discuss as you're speaking.
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outline Thesis statement: 1.0 Introduction ....1.1 Brief history of Liz Claiborne ....1.2 Corporate environment 2.0 Career opportunities ....2.1 Operations management ........2.1.1 Traffic ........2.1.2 International trade and corporate customs ........2.1.3 Distribution ....2.2 Product development The outline could be printed or handwritten as in this expert from Richard Nixon's Checkers speech. Speech Notes: Notes from Richard Nixon's Checkers speech. Mind Mapping and Concept Mapping Mind mapping and concept mapping are visual representations of ideas and
concepts. A mind map is a diagram which starts with a single word and then branches out from the central node, with lesser categories as sub-branches of the larger branches. Concept maps are more free-form, since multiple hubs and clusters can be created. Unlike mind maps, concept maps do not fix on a single conceptual center. Mind Map : A mind map is a diagram that starts with one word and expands into additional categories. Practice and Rehearsal GuidelinesThe following guidelines are best practices on how to practice and rehearse an extemporaneous speech:
Although extemporaneous speaking may not require memorization and manuscript speaking, organize and prepare your content and notes ahead of time to deliver a speech that will be well received by your audience. Free Speech : "Free speech doesn't mean careless talk!" produced by the Office for Emergency Management. Key Differences Between Prepared and Impromptu SpeechesThe key difference between a prepared and impromptu speech is the amount of time given to the speaker to rehearse and prepare. Learning Objectives Differentiate between prepared and impromptu speeches Key TakeawaysKey Points
Key Terms
Differences Between Prepared and Impromptu SpeechesThere are several different types of speeches that one can deliver. They range from perfectly memorized, to completely off the cuff with no preparation at all. Prepared Speech The
most common type of speech is a prepared speech. For a prepared speech, the speaker was been given the topic in advance, had time to do background research on it, and has practiced delivering the speech. Using PowerPoint Slides: PowerPoint slides can be used in a prepared speech. However, preparation does not necessarily mean memorizing every word. A prepared speech can be an
extemporaneous, manuscript, or memorized speech, or a combination of these techniques. An extemporaneous speech is often delivered with the aid of note cards to help the speaker remember key points and content order. A memorized speech is one that is recited from memory without the aid of scripts or cue cards. A manuscript speech is one that has the entire speech written out for reference.
Impromptu Speech Another type of speech that is less commonly seen in society (but nonetheless very useful to understand) is the impromptu speech. Impromptu speaking occurs when the speaker is given no time to prepare for the speech; he or she is given a topic and must immediately begin speaking on it. This speaking style involves thinking on one's feet and being able to plan the flow of the speech as the speaker is giving it. Additional Notes on Preparing and Delivering Impromptu SpeechesAn impromptu speech is given with little or no preparation, but the presenter is usually very knowledgeable about the subject matter. Learning Objectives Describe methods to successfully deliver an impromptu speech Key TakeawaysKey Points
Key Terms
Additional Notes on Preparing and Delivering Impromptu SpeechesAn impromptu speech is given with little or no preparation. However, you will generally be called up to speak about a topic in which you are familiar or considered an expert. Impromptu speeches can take many different forms and occur in different situations. There are ways to prepare and deliver impromptu speeches by anticipating the more common impromptu contexts. Preparation—Think before you Speak!Anticipate Common Questions
Often, you will be presenting content that you have already covered with other audiences. On those occasions, you can use the same content but you will need to modify the introduction to reference the current occasion or audience. DeliveryInformal Context
Informal Meetings and Q&A Impromptu speeches are usually used in short informal meetings
where the audience can interrupt and ask questions to help guide the speech and retrieve the information they need from the speaker. It is important in this situation to stay focused by repeating the question and answering it without going off on a tangent.
Formal Speech with Q&A SessionFollowing a speech you will often participate in a Q & A session. Members of the audience will ask questions and you will respond without time to prepare:
You are the expert; you will know more about the topic than your listeners. Remember that the listeners want to hear what you have to say, even if it is slightly disorganized. Q&A Sessions: Tommy Chong listens attentively during a Q&A session. Licenses and AttributionsCC licensed content, Shared previously
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What do you call speeches which are delivered with little or no time for preparation?Extemporaneous, extempore, impromptu, improvised are used of expression given without preparation or only partial preparation. Extemporaneous and impromptu may both refer to speeches given without any preparation: an extemporaneous (impromptu) speech.
What do you call a speech delivered with little?Impromptu speeche. are delivered with little or no time for preparation. In most instances, you are called to speak at the spur of the moment because you are expected to be knowledgeable about the subject.
What is impromptu speech delivery?Impromptu speaking involves delivering a message on the spur of the moment, as when someone is asked to “say a few words.” Extemporaneous speaking consists of delivering a speech in a conversational fashion using notes. This is the style most speeches call for.
What is extemporaneous speech delivery?Extemporaneous speeches are developed through outlining ideas, not writing them out word-for-word. They are practiced ahead of time, rehearsed and re-rehearsed (extemporaneous speeches are not impromptu), using a keyword outline of single words and short, 3-5 word phrases.
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