best example or representation of a concept Show
created naturally through experiences and developed from either direct or indirect experiences, e.g. grow up in a snow place have a lot of direct experience with snow and if not, may now snow from indirect experience of seeing pictures, videos – natural bc can construct an understand of it through direct observations or indirect knowledge defined by a specific set of characteristics that are always the same, e.g. properties of geometric shapes, equation for area – can enhance the understanding of a topic by building on one another (crucial for engaging with others and in complex thought) mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts, a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently – brains ability to make assumptions
communication system that involves using words and systematic rules to organize those words to transmit information from one individual to another words of a given language, vocabulary set of rules that are used to convey meaning through the use of the lexicon basic sound unit of a given language combining phonemes to create the smallest units of language that convey some type of meaning (part of grammar) process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words (part of grammar) the way words are organized into sentences continue trying different solutions until problem is solved problem-solving strategy characterized by a specific set of instructions general problem solving framework (working backwards, breaking a task into steps) a “rule of thumb” saves time and energy when making a decision, impulse to use a heuristic occurs when:
persist in approaching a problem in a way that has worked in the past but is clearly not working now a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for focus is on one piece of information when making a decision or solving a problem tendency to focus on information that confirms your existing beliefs lead to believe the event you just experience was predictable, even though it really wasn’t – “knew all along things would turn out that way” occurs when someone believes the opinion of a person of authority on a subject just because the individual is an authority figure describes a faulty way of thinking where you unintentionally stereotype someone or something heuristic in which you make a decision based on an example, information, or recent experience that is readily available to you even though it may not be the best example to inform your decision tend to “preserve that which is already established – to maintain our pre-existing knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, and hypotheses. What is Spearman's 'g' a measure of? belief that intelligence consists o one general factor (g) which can be measured and compared among individuals Crystallized Intelligence characterized as acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it, when learn, remember, recall information, you are using crystallized intelligence – helps overcome concrete, straightforward problems ability to see complex relationships and solve problems, e.g. navigating home via a detour – helps tackle complex, abstract challenges in daily life Describe Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence sees intelligence as comprised of three parts 1) practical 2) creative and 3) analytical intelligence
street smarts & common sense, find solutions that work in everyday life by applying knowledge based on experiences imaginative & innovative problem solving academic problem solving and computation, ability to analyze, evaluate, judge, compare and contrast Multiple Intelligences Theory
the ability to understand the emotions of yourself and others, snow empathy, understand social relationships and cues, and regulate your own emotions and respond in culturally appropriate ways. ability to generate, create, or discover new ideas, solutions and possibilities; often have intense knowledge about something, work on it for years, look at novel solutions, seek out the advice and help of other experts, and take risks thinking “outside of the box” allows an individual to arrive at unique, multiple solutions to a given problem ability to provide a correct or well-established answer or solution to a problem Intelligence Quota: describes a score earned on a test designed to measure intelligence, the tools designed to measure intelligence Average IQ is 100 no matter what age you are means the manner of administration, scoring, and interpretation of results is consistent involves giving a test to a large population so data can be collected comparing groups, such as age groups cognitive disorders that affect areas of cognition, particularly language or reading, considered specific neurological impairments rather than global intellectual or developmental disabilities, the disability may be specific to a particular area and not a measure of overall intellectual ability, tend to exhibit comorbidity with other disorders like ADHD learning disability that causes extreme difficulty in writing legibly inability to correctly process letters, the neurological mechanism for sound processing does not work properly in someone with dyslexia, may not understand sound-letter correspondence difficulty in learning or comprehending arithmetic, struggling to memorize math facts, organize numbers, fully differentiate between numerals, math symbols, and written numbers (such as 3 and three difficulty understanding or using spoken language, whereas someone with a reading disability (dyslexia) has difficulty processing what he or she is reading
Who believed intelligence consisted of one general factor, called "g," underlying all mental abilities? Charles Spearman Charles Spearman believed intelligence consisted of one general factor, called "g," underlying all mental abilities. What is the IQ score of someone with an average level of intelligence, meaning their mental age is the same as their chronological age? 100 The average IQ score for any age is 100. This is because IQ is calculated by dividing a person's mental age by their chronological age and then multiplying that number by 100. A divergent thinking test would be designed to measure a person's _____ intelligence. creative Creativity is often assessed as a function of one's ability to engage in divergent thinking. Divergent thinking can be described as thinking "outside the box;" it allows an individual to arrive at unique, multiple solutions to a given problem. ____ proposed a triarchic theory of intelligence consisting of three types of intelligence: analytical, creative, and practical. Robert Sternberg Robert Sternberg developed the triarchic theory of intelligence consisting of practical, creative, and analytic intelligence. Analytic intelligence refers to the ability to solve problems. Creative intelligence refers to the ability to adapt to new situations or solve problems in unique ways. Practical intelligence refers to street smarts and common sense. _____ was a French psychologist who was hired by the government to create a test to measure a child's "mental age" in order to identify children who might need extra help in school. Alfred Binet Alfred Binet was a French psychologist who was hired by the government to create a test to measure a child's "mental age" in order to identify children who might need extra help in school. ________ encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory. Anita says she can’t define art but she knows it when she sees it. In Anita’s mind, art is a(n): ________ are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences. Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a(n) ________ concept. Illnesses such as diabetes and cancer kill more than twice the number of Americans than murder or car accidents. However, Zale sees car accidents as more dangerous because he often hears about car accident fatalities on the nightly news, and he doesn't know anyone with diabetes or cancer. Therefore, Zale takes more precautions against car accidents. This exemplifies ________. the availability heuristic Jasmine uses a ruler to measure the distance between two points. She does this five times and each time she gets the same measurement of 3.5 inches. She checks this measurement with her dad’s high-tech laser ruler and discovers that her ruler is inaccurate; the correct measurement is actually 5 inches. How would you describe Jasmine’s ruler? it is reliable but not valid A ________ is the smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning. The tendency to rely on strategies that worked in similar situations in the past but that may not be appropriate to the present situation refers to a(n): Howard found evidence that one of Sheldon’s published theories is incorrect. Even after multiple outside labs confirmed Howard’s new findings, Sheldon refuses to believe his theory is wrong. Sheldon is falling victim to the: The _____ can contribute to the creation of stereotypes. For example, Denise went to the lake with her friends last week and she noticed that everyone was waving and acting very friendly. Denise now believes that everyone who owns a boat is extremely friendly. Joe is 10-years-old. His parents have him take an IQ test and discover that his IQ is 80. How would you describe Joe’s IQ? Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for? Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words? Joy’s doctor tells her that supplements are not effective at lowering cholesterol and that she shouldn’t waste her money. Joy takes her doctor’s advice without doing any additional research on her own. Joy is demonstrating the: Anwar is hiking in the woods and he gets lost. He spends several days trying to find his way back to his basecamp, but he has the knowledge to gather wood, start a fire, and keep himself warm at night. He is also able to identify local berries and mushrooms growing that he can eat without being poisoned. Anwar is demonstrating ________ intelligence from the triarchic theory. Which individual was asked by the French government to create an assessment tool - an intelligence test, of sorts - that would be used to identify schoolchildren who would be more likely to have difficulty in school? The type of intelligence that involves seeing complex relationships and solving problems is ________ intelligence. a mental shortcut that saves time when solving a problem. Traditional intelligence tests, such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, measure _____ intelligence. Spearman's "g" is a measure of _____ intelligence. Marisol was on the phone with her boss and had to jot down the day and time of an important meeting. She rummaged through her purse for a pen, but all she found were a pair of tweezers and an old lipstick. Her failure to consider using the lipstick to write down the number is an example of: The practice of administering, scoring, and interpreting an assessment tool in the same manner is called ________. ________ concepts are ones that we know by a specific set of characteristics. Faulty heuristic in which you stereotype someone or something without a valid basis for your judgement Noam Chomsky's name for a prewired mechanism in the brain that allows children to acquire language naturally language acquisition device Characterized by acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it crystallized intelligence Luther is able to learn how to use new equipment at work due to his The basic units of sound in a language Which term refers to the process by which we derive from morphemes and words?Semantics refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words.
Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words quizlet?morpheme. Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words? semantics.
Which term refers to the vocabulary of a language or the words?A lexicon, or vocabulary, is a language's dictionary: its set of names for things, events, and ideas. Some linguists believe that lexicon influences people's perception of things, the Sapir–Whorf hypothesis.
Which term refers to the vocabulary of a language or the words contained within that language group of answer choices?Definition of lexical
1 : of or relating to words or the vocabulary of a language as distinguished from its grammar and construction Our language has many lexical borrowings from other languages.
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Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes in words?
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