credentialismthe emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualificationscultural capitalcultural knowledge that serves (metaphorically) as currency to help one navigate a culturecultural transmissionthe way people come to learn the values, beliefs, and social norms of their cultureeducationa social institution through which a society’s children are taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms formal educationthe learning of academic facts and concepts grade inflationthe idea that the achievement level associated with an A today is notably lower than the achievement level associated with A-level work a few decades agoHead Start programa federal program that provides academically focused preschool to students of low socioeconomic statushidden curriculumthe type of nonacademic knowledge that people learn through informal learning and cultural transmissioninformal educationeducation that involves learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors through participation in a societyNo Child Left Behind Actan act that requires states to test students in prescribed grades, with the results of those tests determining eligibility to receive federal fundingsocial placementthe use of education to improve one’s social standingsorting classifying students based on academic merit or potential trackinga formalized sorting system that places students on “tracks” (advanced, low achievers) that perpetuate inequalitiesuniversal accessthe equal ability of all people to participate in an education system Show PreviousNext Kinetic by OpenStax offers access to innovative study tools designed to help you maximize your learning potential. Citation/AttributionWant to cite, share, or modify this book? This book uses the Creative Commons Attribution License and you must attribute OpenStax. Attribution information
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© May 31, 2022 OpenStax. Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License . The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo are not subject to the Creative Commons license and may not be reproduced without the prior and express written consent of Rice University. As already mentioned, education is not solely concerned with the basic academic concepts that a student learns in the classroom. Societies also educate their children, outside of the school system, in matters of everyday practical living. These two types of learning are referred to as formal education and informal education. Formal education describes the learning of academic facts and concepts through a formal curriculum. Arising from the tutelage of ancient Greek thinkers, centuries of scholars have examined topics through formalized methods of learning. Education in earlier times was only available to the higher classes; they had the means for access to scholarly materials, plus the luxury of leisure time that could be used for learning. The Industrial Revolution and its accompanying social changes made education more accessible to the general population. Many families in the emerging middle class found new opportunities for schooling. The modern U.S. educational system is the result of this progression. Today, basic education is considered a right and responsibility for all citizens. Expectations of this system focus on formal education, with curricula and testing designed to ensure that students learn the facts and concepts that society believes are basic knowledge. In contrast, informal education describes learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors by participating in a society. This type of learning occurs both through the formal education system and at home. Our earliest learning experiences generally happen via parents, relatives, and others in our community. Through informal education, we learn how to dress for different occasions, how to perform regular life routines like shopping for and preparing food, and how to keep our bodies clean. Parents teaching their children to cook provide an informal education. (Photo courtesy of eyeliam/flickr)Cultural transmission refers to the way people come to learn the values, beliefs, and social norms of their culture. Both informal and formal education include cultural transmission. For example, a student will learn about cultural aspects of modern history in a U.S. History classroom. In that same classroom, the student might learn the cultural norm for asking a classmate out on a date through passing notes and whispered conversations. What education refers to the learning of cultural norms?Informal Education. describes learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors by participating in a society. Cultural Transmission. refers to the way people come to learn the values, beliefs, and social norms of their culture.
Which term is defined as the equal ability of all people to participate in an education system?Another global concern in education is universal access. This term refers to people's equal ability to participate in an education system.
What is the role of sociology in education?Since Human relationships are very complex, sociology of education helps teachers to be aware of certain outcomes of a group's behavior, and to understand that attitudes, values and beliefs of those around them hence enhancing effective teaching and learning process.
What is sociology of education according to Emile Durkheim?Functionalist sociologist Emile Durkheim saw Education as performing two major functions in advanced industrial societies – transmitting the shared values of society and simultaneously teaching the specialised skills for an economy based on a specialised division of labour.
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Which term is defined as education that involves learning about cultural values norms and expected behaviors through participation in a society?
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