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Terms in this set (100)
Which of the following statements is true of human capital?
Motivation to deliver high-quality products and services is a part of human capital
Informal learning:
leads to the effective development of tacit knowledge.
which of the following is true of tacit knowledge?
Formal training and development programs limit the extent to which tacit knowledge can be acquired.
A(n) _____ is an example of tacit knowledge.
employee's experience
_____ refers to a systematic approach for developing training programs
Training design process
The fifth step in the training design process is to develop an evaluation plan that involves identifying:
the types of outcomes training is expected to influence.
Which of the following steps of the training design process involves person and task analysis?
Conducting needs assessment
Which of the following statements is true of the Instructional System Design (ISD) model?
The model rarely follows a neat, orderly, step-by-step approach of activities.
The ADDIE model is most closely associated with:
employee training and development.
Which of the following training programs is mandated by law?
Safety training program
_____ refers to the process of moving jobs from the United States to other locations in the world
Offshoring
Which of the following is an example of human capital?
Work-related competence
_____ capital refers to the sum of the attributes, life experiences, knowledge, inventiveness, energy, and enthusiasm that the company's employees invest in their work.
human
Which of the following statements is true of Millennials?
They are believed to have high levels of self-esteem, to the point of narcissism sometimes.
____ is a companywide effort to continuously improve the ways people, machines, and systems accomplish work.
Total quality management
Companies cannot gain a competitive advantage solely through their human resource management practices
t
Training differs from development in that training tends to be more future-focused than development.
f
Tacit knowledge tends to be the primary focus of formal training and employee development
f
Informal learning cannot replace formal training and employee development
t
There is not one universally accepted instructional systems development model.
t
Training design processes should be rigid and not flexible.
f
Due to globalization, the supply for talented employees exceeds the demand.
f
In a learning organization, improvements in product or service quality stop when formal training is completed.
f
Treating employees differently based on their age, such as only inviting younger employees to attend training or development programs, can result in adverse legal consequences.
t
ISO standards are involuntary
F
Which of the following is true about a learning organization?
In a learning organization, employees learn from failure and from successes
The strategic training and development process begins with:
identifying the business strategy
The final step of the strategic training and development process involves:
identifying measures or metrics.
_____ typically includes information on the customers served, why the company exists, what the company does, the value received by the customers, and the technology used.
Balanced scorecard
A SWOT analysis is typically conducted in the _____ step of the strategic training and development process.
business strategy formulation and identification
. _____ involves examining a company's operating environment to identify opportunities and threats.
External analysis
Which of the following is true with regard to SWOT analysis?
A SWOT analysis provides a company the information needed to generate several alternative business strategies and make a strategic choice.
Business-level outcomes chosen to measure the overall value of training or learning initiatives are referred to as _____.
metrics
The _____ considers four different perspectives: customer, internal, innovation and learning, and financial
balanced scorecard
Which of the following is true of roles of managers?
Regardless of their level in a company, all managers are expected to serve as spokespersons to other work units, managers, and vendors.
_____ refers to the company's decisions regarding where to find employees, how to select them, and the desired mix of employee skills and statuses.
Staffing strategy
. As a marketing agent, the CEO of a company is responsible for:
promoting the company's commitment to learning by advocating it in speeches, annual reports, interviews, and other public relations tools
Companies that emphasize innovation and creativity are labeled as _____.
baseball teams
In _____, financial and other resources are not available for development so companies tend to rely on hiring talent from the external labor market.
fortresses
Uniqueness refers to:
the extent to which employees are rare and specialized and not highly available in the labor market.
Learning organizations emphasize that learning occurs not only at the individual employee level but also at the group and organizational levels.
t
In learning organizations, there is an understanding that failure provides important information.
t
Tacit knowledge developed through experience and shared through interactions between employees is easy to imitate.
f
Companies need to restrict learning to classrooms in order to competently help employees acquire knowledge and skills.
f
Internal analysis involves examining the operating environment to identify opportunities and threats.
f
The strategic training and development initiatives vary by company depending on a company's industry, goals, resources, and capabilities.
t
The process of identifying and collecting metrics is unrelated to training evaluation.
f
Skill-based pay systems base employees' pay rates on what skills they are using for their current jobs rather than the number of skills they are competent in.
f
Emphasis on the creation of intellectual capital and the movement toward high-performance work systems using teams has resulted in employees performing many roles once reserved for management.
t
The CEO of a company is responsible for setting a clear direction for learning
t
Which of the following statements is true of needs assessment?
The role of the needs assessment process is to determine if training is the appropriate solution.
_____ involves determining whether performance deficiencies result from lack of knowledge or skills.
Person analysis
_____ analysis involves determining the appropriateness of training, given the company's business strategy, its resources available for training, and support by managers and peers for training
Organizational
_____ are more concerned with how training may affect the attainment of financial goals for the particular units they supervise.
Mid-level managers
Which of the following method of needs assessment is inexpensive and allows the collection of data from a large number of persons?
Questionnaire
____ are useful with complex or controversial issues that one person may be unable or unwilling to explore
Focus groups
_____ refers to asking a large group of employees to help provide information for needs assessment that they are not traditionally asked to do.
Crowdsourcing
In the needs assessment process, organizational analysis deals with identifying:
the training resources that are available.
Employees' readiness for training includes identifying whether:
an organization's work environment will facilitate learning and not interfere with performance.
Employees' self-efficacy level can be increased by:
showing them the training success of their peers who are now in similar jobs.
Pressure points such as changes in customer preferences or employees' lack of basic skills do not necessarily mean that training is the right solution.
t
Upper-level managers view the needs assessment process by focusing on specific jobs.
f
Upper-level managers are not usually involved in identifying which employees need training or the tasks for which training is needed.
t
Subject-matter experts (SMEs) must have an understanding of the company's language, tools, and products.
t
Job incumbents should be included as SME's in the needs assessment process since they tend to be the most knowledgeable about the job.
t
No single method of conducting needs assessment is superior to the others.
t
Questionnaires do not allow many employees to participate in the needs assessment process.
f
Output refers to the type of incentives employees receive for performing well.
f
Age, or even the generation an employee belongs to, does not affect how they prefer to learn.
f
Possession of a high school diploma or a college degree is a guarantee that an employee has basic skills.
f
The importance of cognitive ability for job success increases with job complexity.
t
Determining a job's cognitive ability requirement is part of the task analysis process.
t
A nontraining option to match trainees' reading level with the level needed for the training materials involves redesigning a job to accommodate the trainees' reading levels.
f
To motivate employees to learn in training programs, managers should avoid informing the employees about their skill weaknesses or knowledge deficiencies.
f
To motivate employees to learn in training programs, they need to be given a choice of what training programs to attend.
t
Which of the following statements is true of training?
It is important to realize that for training to be effective, both learning and transfer of training are needed.
Which of the following examples best reflects attitude as a learning outcome?
Choose to respond to all incoming mail within 24 hours.
. _____ relates to the learner's decision regarding what information to attend to, how to remember, and how to solve problems.
Cognitive strategy
Which of the following types of learning outcome is reflected through the ability to design and code a computer program that meets customer requirements?
Intellectual skills
Intellectual skill as a learning outcome primarily includes the capability to:
apply generalizable concepts and rules to solve complex problems.
Behavior modification is a training method that is primarily based on _____.
reinforcement theory
The training implication of _____ theory includes a trainer identifying the outcomes that a learner considers most positive or negative.
reinforcement
According to the _____ theory, models' behavior or skill that is rewarded is adopted by an observer.
social learning
. _____ is a person's judgment about whether he or she can successfully learn knowledge and skills.
Self-efficacy
Logical verification to increase self-efficacy typically involves:
perceiving a relationship between a new task and a task already mastered.
Kenneth, an operations manager has been assigned to train a group of older employees in the logistics department. He has to train them to use the new computer software which was installed recently. He does so by reminding them that they were quick in learning to use the previous software. Kenneth is typically trying to _____.
increase the employees' self-efficacy
Which of the following creates a learning orientation in trainees?
Allowing trainees to experiment with new knowledge and skills
Feedback from trainers and coaches deters training.
f
Recognizing that employees have preferences regarding how they want to learn is a good practice in training.
t
Developing a computer program that meets customer specifications is an example of an intellectual skills learning outcome.
t
Instruction refers to the trainer's manipulation of the environment in order to help trainees learn.
t
The adult learning theory assumes that adults enter a learning experience with a subject-centered approach instead of problem-centered approach to learning.
t
Individuals with a learning orientation find that errors and mistakes cause anxiety and thus want to avoid them.
f
Expectancy is similar to self-efficacy
t
Most educational theories have been developed exclusively to educate children and youths
t
Open skills refer to training objectives that are linked to learning specific skills that are to be identically produced by the trainee on their job.
f
Identical elements theory does not encourage transfer where the learning environment and the training environment are not necessarily identical.
t
The stimulus generalization approach emphasizes near transfer of training.
f
The working storage and semantic encoding processes of learning both relate to short-term memory.
t
The objective of training should not describe performance that cannot be observed, such as "understand" or "know."
t
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