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Exam 2 Flashcards
| Which of the following correctly compares the extracellular matrix (ECM) of animal cells to cell walls of plant cells? | Both the ECM and the plant cell wall are composed of varying mixtures of proteins and carbohydrates. |
| Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells? | mitochondria |
| Which of the following is/are likely to limit the maximum size of a cell? | the shape of the cell, the time it takes a molecule to diffuse across a cell, and the cell's surface-to-volume ratio |
| Which of the following is the simplest collection of matter that can live? | cell |
| Which of the following is a possible reason for grouping the peroxisomes with chloroplasts and mitochondria? | None of these organelles are part of the endomembrane system. |
| Which of the following organelles might be found inside other organlles? | ribosomes |
| Dye injected into a plant cell might be able to enter an adjacent cell through _____. | plasmodesmata |
| In terms of cellular function, what is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? | Eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized, which allows for specialization. |
| Which structure-function pair is mismatched? | microtubule; muscle contraction |
| Your intestine is lined with individual cells. No fluids leak between these cells from the gut into your body. Why? | The intestinal cells are bound together by tight junctions. |
| Which of the following is in respect to cells' chromosomes? | Chromosomes only appear as a cell is about to divide. |
| Which of the following five membranes is most likely to have a lipid composition that is distinct from the other four? | mitochondrial outer membrane |
| Which statement abut the cytoskeleton is true? | Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm |
| Which of the following statements correctly describes a common characteristic of a plant cell wall and an animal cell extracellular matrix? | Both are permeable to water and small solutes; both are synthesized in the ER and Golgi apparatus. |
| You would expect a cell wtih an extensive Golgi apparatus to _____. | secrete a lot of protein. |
| What is the functional connection between the nucleolus, nuclear pores, and the nuclear membrane? | Subunits of ribosomes are assembled in the nucleolus and pass through the nuclear membrane via the nuclear pores. |
| A substance moving from outside the cell into the cytoplasm must pass through _____. | the plasma membrane. |
| Which type of cell is most likely to have the most mitochondria? | Muscle cells in the legs of a runner. |
| Microtubules and microfilaments commonly work with which of the following to perform many of their functions? | Motor proteins. |
| Cyanide binds to at least one molecule involved in producing ATP. If a cell is exposed to cyanide, most of the cyanide will be found within the | mitochondria |
| The observation that chloroplasts and mitochondria each contain their own DNA and synthesize some of the proteins that function in these organelles suggests that chloroplasts and mitochondria ____. | must divide each time the cell containing them divides. |
| Where would you expect to find proteins involved with movement of structures in a cell? | cytoskeleton |
| Which of the following structures is found in animal cells but NOT plant cells? | centrioles |
| The walls of plant cells are largely composed of polysaccharides and proteins that are synthesized _____. | in the rough endoplasmic reticulum and in the Golgi apparatus |
| Consider two cells with the same volume but with very different surface areas due to differences in their shapes. The cell with the larger surface area is likely to _____. | be involved in the rapid uptake of compounds from the cell's environment. |
| Basal bodies are most closely associated with which of the following cell components? | cilia |
| What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell? | ER, Golgi, vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane |
| Cell fractonation | separates cells into their component parts |
| Which of the following features do prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common? | ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytoplasm |
| Which of the following statements about chloroplasts and mitochondria is true? | Chloroplasts and mitochondria synthesize some of their own proteins |
| Cilia and flagella move due to the interaction of the cytoskeleton with which of the following? | motor proteins |
| Which statement about the cytoskeleton is true? | Components of the cytoskeleton often mediate the movement of organelles within the cytoplasm |
| Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system? | chloroplast |
| A protein that ultimately functions in the plasma membrane of a cell is most likely to have been synthesized _____. | in the rough endoplasmic reticulum |
| Which of the following organelles is to show enhanced abundance in pancreatic cells that secrete large amounts of digestive enzymes? | free cytoplasmic ribosomes |
| A researcher wants to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Which type of microscope should she choose and why is it the best choice? | light microscope, because the speciman is alive |
| Which of the following types of information is/are most likely to be derived from freeze-fracture of biological samples? | proteins embedded in membrane bilayers |
What parameters is most likely to limit the maximum size of a cell?
The size of a cell is limited by the relationship of the cell's outer surface area to its volume or its surface area-to-volume ratio.
What are the factors that limit the size of the cell?
Complete answer:
The single factor that limits the size of most of the cell is the surface volume ratio. The size of the cell gets limited by the nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio, which determines the range of control of metabolic ratio and the ratio of surface to volume.
What ratio limits the maximum size of a cell?
1 Answer. The surface area to volume ratio (SA:V) limits cell size because the bigger the cell gets, the less surface area it has for its size.