Mock Exam 1 Questions 1. It is hypothesized that schizophrenia may be related to an excess of which neurotransmitter: a) Serotonin 2. Structural abnormalities in the brains of patients with obsessive compulsive disorder have been identified in several areas. Which of the following areas have
not been found to be affected? a) Cingulate gyrus 3. A patient presents with quite limited spontaneous speech, an inability to repeat statements made by the examiner, yet an ability to follow instructions provided by the examiner. This patient may be suffering from: a) Wernicke’s Aphasia 4. Another patient presents with quite
fluent, spontaneous speech, yet an inability to repeat statements made by the examiner, and an ability to follow instructions provided by the examiner. This patient may be suffering from: a) Wernicke’s Aphasia 5. A 76 year old woman presents with marked confusion, disorientation, and impaired memory that reportedly became noticeable within the past week. Among the following choices, which is the most likely
diagnosis? a) Depression 6. Which of the following measures would likely be least sensitive to the effects of a brain injury? a) Achievement Test 7. What is the classic triad of symptoms seen in acute Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome? a) Ataxia, vertigo, and vomiting 8. Heschl’s gyrus is associated with which of the following? a) Primary visual cortex 9. A right-handed patient sustains a PCA infarct that results in damage to the left posterior white matter and the splenium of the corpus
callosum, with relative gray matter sparing. Which of the following symptom clusters is most likely to occur? a) Alexia without agraphia (a.k.a. posterior alexia or associative alexia) 10. Which of the following is most likely to result in dementia? a) Parkinson’s Disease 11. Evidence of which form of validity is most needed for a job screening test? a) Concurrent validity 12. Which is most true of a person with Transient Global Amnesia? a) oriented and able to correctly provide personal information 13. Seizures originating in what area are associated with fear and panic? a) dorsolateral frontal convexity 14. Which of the following is a differentiating factor in comparing “familial” Alzheimer’s (in which a genetic link has been established) from the more common “nonfamilial” Alzheimer’s? a) Age of onset 15. If brain damage involves structures surrounding the cribiform plate, it is likely that which cranial nerve would be involved? a) Olfactory 16. A patient who is unable to recognize his family members, or his doctor of many years, is likely suffering from ________. If this
problem is the result of a unilateral disorder, it is likely that the lesion is in the ______ hemisphere. a) Simultanagnosia, Left 17. Which of the following is not characteristic of multiple sclerosis? a) Dysarthria 18. Anomic aphasia is typically caused by damage to the following area of the left hemisphere: a) Thalamus 19. Which one of the following statements is true? a) Approximately 5% of all causes of dementia are reversible 20. An examiner gives a patient the WASI while he is on an inpatient rehabilitation unit. The patient is
then seen as an outpatient to track his recovery, where he is administered the WAIS-III. What sources of variability or error variance might affect his scores and obscure real changes in his functioning? a) Differences in items/content (i.e., item heterogeneity) 21. Which one of the following is true about malingering? a) Any patient who is involved in a personal injury case or has a lawyer must be
malingering 22. PTA, or Post Traumatic Amnesia, refers to: a) The fact that most children cannot remember traumatic events that happened to them. 23. An individual with which type of dementia is most likely to show retrieval rather than retention deficits: a) Alzheimer’s Dementia 24. Leukoaraiosis refers to: a) Diffuse white matter changes seen in older patients 25. The primary visual area lies along the ______. a) Calcarine fissure 26. The criterion validity of a test is limited by which of the following: a) The test’s standard deviation 27. Functional neuroimaging (PET, fMRI) in patients with schizophrenia has shown: a) enlarged ventricles 28. When trying to teach something to a patient with severe memory impairment, you prevent the patient from guessing or making mistakes during the learning phase. This is an example of: a) Prospective Memory Training 29. Double simultaneous stimulation is used to screen for ______. a) Agnosia 30. Which is not a neuropathological feature associated with Alzheimer’s Dementia? a) Neuritic Plaques 31. Frontal memory disorders are characterized by all but: a) Attentional deficits interfere with encoding 32. Few studies have been conducted on pesticide exposures, however, the deficits associated with them appear to be similar to the core pattern in solvent toxicity, including: a) Mental slowing and anxiety/depression 33. In pediatric patients, about ____ % of brain tumors are in the posterior fossa and ___% are supratentorial. a) 50, 50 34. Which of the following is not a feature of Gerstmann’s Syndrome? a) Acalculia 35. Broca’s aphasia is commonly accompanied by which of the following? a) Right hemiplegia 36. Which region of the brain seems to be involved both in habit learning and in OCD? a) Amygdala 37. Which of the following is not one of the more common symptoms or signs of elevated intracranial pressure? a) Headache 38. Which of the following is a potentially reversible cause of dementia? a) Vascular Dementia 39. Alexia refers to: a) The lack of development of normal reading skills. 40. Dysarthria, dysphagia and hypoactive jaw and gag reflexes without associated cognitive or emotional changes is known as: a) Pseudobulbar palsy 41. Use of a highly specific sign or symptom (e.g., contralateral neglect) in identifying brain damage will results in a high rate of: a) false negative
errors 42. Which of the following Wechsler scale subtests is the best indicator of premorbid intelligence? a) Vocabulary 43. Practice effects are most likely to be seen on which Wechsler scale subtest? a) Vocabulary 44. Which statement is correct? a) In
Multiple Sclerosis intellectual changes typically develop later than physical deteriorations 45. Which of the following statements is true with regard to differentiating depression from dementia (Alzheimer’s/AD)? a) Cognitive deficits in persons with depression are often more severe than in persons with AD. 46. Which brain region is most often affected by hydrocephalus? a) Posterior regions 47. The brain’s major inhibitory neurotransmitter is _______, which is primarily affected by benzodiazepines and barbiturates. a) Acetylcholine 48. A lesion of Brodman’s area 44 in the dominant hemisphere is most closely associated with which of the following? a) Dysfluent aphasia 49. What pattern of IQ performance is typically observed in children with early-onset hydrocephalus? a) VIQ > PIQ 50. Lesions of the temporal lobe can cause: a) Contralateral inferior quadranopia 51. Gait difficulties, urinary incontinence, and cognitive decline are highly indicative of which condition? a) Pseudotumor cerebri 52. Following a stroke, a 75 year-old woman is left with impaired language comprehension, but normal fluency and repetition. Her symptoms are most consistent with: a) Mixed Transcortical Aphasia 53. Which statement is false regarding cerebral palsy (CP)? a) Injuries causing CP can occur pre-natally, post-natally, during infancy or early childhood. 54. Which of the following disorders has been most closely linked to degeneration of acetylcholine-synthesizing neurons in the basal forebrain? a) Huntington’s Disease 55. A lesion of the arcuate fasciculus would most likely cause the following subtype of aphasia: a) Wernicke’s Aphasia 56. Which treatments of tumors are generally not associated with mental status changes? a) All chemotherapies except methotrexate 57. Cerebellar pathways affect all but one of the following: a)
Motor learning 58. Lateral cerebellar lesions primarily affect: a) Trunk control 59. Which of the following statements is true? a) The left hemisphere has more association cortex than the right hemisphere. 60. A person who can not identify an object by touch may have: a) Anomia 61. Autopsy studies of dementia pugilistica typically reveal all of the following except: a) Neuronal loss 62. Which symptoms below are characteristic of normal aging: a) Decreased verbal fluency 63. Neglect can occur with lesions in all of the following areas except: a) Right internal capsule 64. The structure involved in the “master clock” for circadian rhythms is the: a) Arcuate nucleus 65. A test designed as a general screening for brain impairment should have: a) High specificity 66. Infarction of the inferior portion of the pons or medulla can cause: a) Pseudobulbar palsy 67. ___ is the neurotransmitter primarily found in neurons of the raphe nuclei. a) Dopamine 68. A person with phonological alexia is most likely to make the following error: a) Reads “ought” for “thought” 69. Which statement is true regarding the relationship between depression and dementia: a) Depression decreases as the severity of dementia increases 70. Which disorder is characterized by café au lait spots and Lisch nodules? a) Tuberous sclerosis 71. Which of the following is not a common characteristic in Tourette’s Syndrome? a) Changing of tic locations and types 72. Which of the following is not commonly associated with Central Alexia (aka alexia with agraphia)? a) Finger agnosia 73. Which area of the brain has been shown to be most involved in response initiation and inhibition? a) Orbital frontal lobe 74. Analysis of motion and spatial relationships between objects and between the body and visual stimuli is most likely to occur in the ________________. a) Primary visual cortex 75. Which of the following statements is true regarding myelination? a) Myelination is complete by the end of the 7th month of gestation. 76. In lesions of the dominant inferior parietal lobe, centering on the angular gyrus, you would expect that the patient could: a) Name individual letters in isolation 77. The pattern of “dementia with psychomotor slowing” occurs in all except which of the following disorders? a) HIV-related dementia 78. The memory deficit typically seen in mild AD is characterized by: a) Poor immediate repetition 79. The pattern of new learning in the course of normal aging is characterized by: a) Somewhat poorer initial learning but intact delayed recall of what they learned 80. The type of memory deficit most apparent in patients with alcoholic Korsakoff amnesia is a deficit in: a) Initial encoding of new material 81. A right MCA stroke in the distribution of the inferior division would most likely cause: a) Left hemineglect, decreased voluntary movements, and left-sided weakness 82. What is the most likely cause for transient global amnesia? a) Carotid artery TIA 83. Alexia without agraphia is most likely due to damage to what region(s)? a) Infarction of left posterior artery territory including the splenium of the corpus callosum 84. Research has shown that right-sided brain damage can lead to subtle language deficits in all of the following except? a) Prosody 85. Research has shown that individuals with mild cognitive impairment will develop dementia at a rate of? a) 1-2 % per year, no different than the general population 86. Which area of memory is found to be most intact in normal aging? a) Working memory 87. Which of the following is true about Lewy Body Dementia? a) It presents with Parkinsonian motor symptoms but
the cognitive functioning more similarly looks like Alzheimer’s dementia. 88. Confabulation is frequently seen in all but which of the following conditions: a) Temporal Frontal Dementia 89. Which statement is false? a) Rolandic epilepsy occurs nocturnally and is usually in remission by age 15 90. Difficulty recalling events prior to amnesia onset is called ________________, while difficulty recalling previously learned information because new information interfered with it is called __________________. a) Retrograde amnesia; retroactive interference 91. Which of the following would not be expected from frontal lobe damage? a) Acute eye deviation with persistent neglect 92. Which of the following is true regarding childhood leukemia? a) Chemotherapy, such as methotrexate, does not cause cognitive impairments as it is administered intrathecally and does not pass the blood/brain barrier. 93. Which of the following is not an advantage of an MRI over CT? a) MRI has
greater resolution, being able to detect smaller objects 94. Which of the following is not a typical means of determining premorbid IQ? a) Barona Regression Equation 95. A neuropsychologist assesses a patient and finds an 18 point difference between the patient’s WAIS-III Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) score and WMS-III General Memory Index (GMI) score. What other information is crucial in order to find the statistical significance of this difference at the .05 level? a) The patient’s gender 96. In order to determine whether a change in a patient’s scores from Time 1 to Time 2 represents a clinically significant change, a neuropsychologist must take into account: a) Measurement error, practice effects, regression to the mean 97. Which of the following is most consistent with a mild traumatic brain injury? a) Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test
(GOAT) score of 15 98. Which of the following best describes the condition in which a patient will admit to sensory or motor impairment, but will be unconcerned about it? a) Anosognosia 99. Which statement is not true of Huntington’s Disease dementia: a) severity of
dementia is correlated with caudate atrophy 100. A 63-year-old man had a shower of emboli from the posterior circulation. Subsequently, he exhibits difficulty recognizing objects because of failure to perceive them. He is unable to draw objects, and he cannot match them to a sample. With what syndrome is he presenting? a)
Apperceptive Visual Agnosia What is typically associated with the brain's right hemisphere?The right hemisphere of the brain is responsible for some of the cognitive functions such as attention, processing of visual shapes and patterns, emotions, verbal ambiguity, and implied meanings.
Which activity relies heavily on the right hemisphere?Point 3: The right hemisphere is more involved in processing faces than the left hemisphere. the brain while the right half of the face will go to the left hemisphere.
Which activity relies heavily on the left hemisphere?The Cerebral Cortex
The cerebral hemisphere that controls language is called the dominant hemisphere. In most individuals, language functions are processed in the left hemisphere.
Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in language tasks?In general, the left hemisphere or side of the brain is responsible for language and speech. Because of this, it has been called the "dominant" hemisphere. The right hemisphere plays a large part in interpreting visual information and spatial processing.
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