Introduction[edit | edit source] Show
Range of motion is the capability of a joint to go through its complete spectrum of movements. Range of motion of a joint can be passive or active. Definition - The definition of ROM varies among published sources; Kapandji and colleagues described ROM as “the extent of osteo-kinematic motion available for movement activities, functional or otherwise, with or without assistance” [1]
Measuring Range of Motion[edit | edit source]A Goniometer (image 2) is used to measure range of motion in the joints of the body. Both use a stationary arm, protractor, fulcrum, and movement arm to measure angle from axis of the joint).[3] Of all the types, a universal goniometer is most widely used and comes in two forms: short arm and long arm.
See the goniometry collection of pages for instructions on how to correctly (reliably and accurately) place the goniometer when measuring Range of Motion. An Inclinometer can also be used, which has different purposed, but is not as versatile as a goniometer. Range of Motion Normal vValues[edit | edit source]Each joint has a normal ROM, while each person has a different amount of ability to achieve it. Below are generally accepted values for a normal ROM for some individual joints as measured in degrees Table 1. Typical Joint Ranges[5]
Causes of Limited Range of Motion[edit | edit source]Limited range of motion refers to a joint that has a reduction in its ability to move. Motion may be limited because of a problem within the joint, swelling of tissue around the joint, stiffness of the muscles, or pain.[6] Medical conditions associated with a limited range of motion in the joints include:
Increasing Range of Motion[edit | edit source]As mentioned in the next section, Range of Motion can be maintained and gradually increased through the following Range of Motion & Stretching exercises. Check out the page on Stretching for an in-depth explanation of the concept and topic. Range of Motion Exercises & Stretching[edit | edit source]Range of motion exercise refers to activity aimed at improving movement of a specific joint. This motion is influenced by several structures: configuration of bone surfaces within the joint, joint capsule, ligaments, tendons, and muscles acting on the joint. There are three types of range of motion exercises
Physiotherapy[edit | edit source]There are many reasons for seeing a physiotherapists if movement is reduced at a join. Range of motion therapy benefits
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References[edit | edit source]
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