That combination of insurance companies, employer groups, providers of care and government agencies that work together to provide health care to a population. Exclusive Provider Organization (EPO): A managed care plan that provides benefits only if care is rendered by providers within a specific network. EPO’s have a network of providers who have agreed to provide care for the members at a discounted rate. If the patient chooses to go outside
the network, there is no reimbursement. HMO’s often use the Primary Care Physician (PCP) as the “gatekeeper”. A patient receives all primary and preventative care from the PCP. Any care needs outside the PCP’s scope of practice would be referred out and coordinated by the PCP. Any care, other than emergency care, not coordinated through the PCP would not be covered by the HMO. 4 Types of HMOs Integrated delivery system (IDS)IDS’s are systems of healthcare that provide services across the continuum of care settings. Providers including physicians and hospitals are often owned or aligned with an insurance company. Some of the services provided include primary care, hospital, outpatient, home health and rehabilitation. Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)PPO’s contract with providers to dispense care at a discounted rate. The providers with whom they contract are considered “network providers or prefered providers”. If the patient uses a provider that is not part of the network they will have a larger financial responsibility. Point-of-Service (POS) PlanThe Point-of-Service Plan is a combination of a PPO and HMO. The patient can choose to receive care in network at little or no cost, or to go out of network and have larger out of pocket expenses. What Is a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)?An individual who needs to secure health insurance may find a variety of insurance providers with unique features. One type of insurance provider that is popular on the Health Insurance Marketplace is a health maintenance organization (HMO), an insurance structure that provides coverage through a network of physicians. There are several key differences between HMO plans and preferred provider organization (PPO) plans. With an HMO plan, your primary care physician (PCP) will refer you to specialists, and you must stay within a network of providers to receive coverage. On the other hand, HMO plans typically have lower premiums than PPO plans. Key Takeaways
How a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) WorksHMOs provide health insurance coverage for a monthly or annual fee. An HMO limits member coverage to medical care provided through a network of doctors and other healthcare providers who are under contract with the HMO. These contracts allow for premiums to be lower than for traditional health insurance—since the healthcare providers have the advantage of having patients directed to them. However, they also add additional restrictions to the HMO’s members. When deciding whether to choose an HMO plan, you should take into consideration the cost of premiums, out-of-pocket costs, any requirements you may have for specialized medical care, and whether it’s important to you to have your own primary care physician (PCP). An HMO is an organized public or private entity that provides basic and supplemental health services to its subscribers. The organization secures its network of health providers by entering into contracts with PCPs, clinical facilities, and specialists. The medical entities that enter into contracts with the HMO are paid an agreed-upon fee to offer a range of services to the HMO’s subscribers. The agreed payment allows an HMO to offer lower premiums than other types of health insurance plans while retaining a high quality of care from its network. The HMO as it exists today was established under the Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1973. Signed by then-President Richard Nixon, the law clarified the definition of HMOs as “a public or private entity organized to provide basic and supplemental health services to its members.” The law further requires that plans provide insured individuals with basic healthcare in exchange for regular, fixed premiums that are established “under a community rating system.” Rules for HMO SubscribersHMO subscribers pay a monthly or annual premium to access medical services in the organization’s network of providers, but they are limited to receiving their care and services from doctors within the HMO network. However, some out-of-network services, including emergency care and dialysis, can be covered under the HMO. Those who are insured under an HMO may have to live or work in the plan’s network area to be eligible for coverage. In cases where a subscriber receives urgent care while out of the HMO network region, the HMO may cover the expenses. But HMO subscribers who receive nonemergency, out-of-network care have to pay for it out of pocket. In addition to low premiums, there are typically low or no deductibles with an HMO. Instead, the organization charges a co-pay for each clinical visit, test, or prescription. Co-pays in HMOs are typically low—usually, $5, $10, or $20 per service—thereby minimizing out-of-pocket expenses and making HMO plans affordable for families and employers. Role of the Primary Care Physician (PCP)The insured party must choose a PCP from the network of local healthcare providers under an HMO plan. A PCP is typically an individual’s first point of contact for all health-related issues. This means that an insured person cannot see a specialist without first receiving a referral from their PCP. However, certain specialized services, such as screening mammograms, do not require referrals. Specialists to whom PCPs typically refer insured members are within the HMO coverage, so their services are covered under the HMO plan after co-pays are made. If a PCP leaves the network, subscribers are notified and are required to choose another PCP from within the HMO plan. HMO RegulationHMOs are regulated by both states and the federal government. The McCarran-Ferguson Act of 1945 established that even though the insuring or provision of healthcare may be national in scope, the regulation of insurance should be largely left to the states. Likewise, the Health Maintenance Organization Act provides that HMO or health service plans are regulated by the states. As a result of these two federal statutes, much of the task of health insurance regulation is left to the states. That said, the federal government does maintain some oversight on health maintenance organizations. The 2010 Dodd-Frank Act created the Federal Insurance Office (FIO), which can monitor all aspects of the insurance industry. Similarly, the Affordable Care Act of 2010 created an agency charged with overseeing insurance agencies, called the Center for Consumer Information and Insurance Oversight (CCIIO). HMO vs. Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)A preferred provider organization (PPO) is a medical care plan in which health professionals and facilities provide services to subscribed clients at reduced rates. PPO medical and healthcare providers are called preferred providers. PPO participants are free to use the services of any provider within their network. Out-of-network care is available, but it costs more to the insured. In contrast to PPO plans, HMO plans require that participants receive healthcare services from an assigned provider. PPO plans usually have deductibles, while HMO plans usually do not. Both programs allow for specialist services. However, the designated PCP must provide a referral to a specialist under an HMO plan. PPO plans are the oldest and—due to their flexibility and relatively low out-of-pocket costs—have been the most popular managed healthcare plans. That has been changing, however, as plans have reduced the size of their provider networks and taken other steps to control costs. HMO vs. Point-of-Service (POS)A point-of-service (POS) plan is like an HMO plan in that it requires a policyholder to choose an in-network PCP and get referrals from that doctor if they want the plan to cover a specialist’s services. A POS plan is also like a PPO plan in that it still provides coverage for out-of-network services, but the policyholder has to pay more for those services than if they used in-network providers. However, a POS plan will pay more toward an out-of-network service if the policyholder gets a referral from their PCP than if they don’t secure a referral. The premiums for a POS plan fall between the lower premiums offered by an HMO and the higher premiums of a PPO. POS plans require the policyholder to make co-pays, but in-network co-pays are often just $10 to $25 per appointment. POS plans also do not have deductibles for in-network services, which is a significant advantage over PPOs. Also, POS plans offer nationwide coverage, which benefits patients who travel frequently. A disadvantage is that out-of-network deductibles tend to be high for POS plans, so patients who use out-of-network services will pay the full cost of care out of pocket until they reach the plan’s deductible. However, a patient who never uses a POS plan’s out-of-network services probably would be better off with an HMO because of its lower premiums. If you don’t travel frequently, you’ll be better off with an HMO plan than a POS plan because of the lower costs. Advantages and Disadvantages of HMOsIt’s important to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of HMO plans before you choose a plan, just as you would with any other option. We’ve listed some of the most common pros and cons of the program below. Advantages of HMOsThe first and most obvious advantage of participating in an HMO is the low cost. You’ll pay fixed premiums on a monthly or annual basis that are lower than traditional forms of health insurance. These plans tend to come with low or no deductibles, and your co-pays are generally lower than other plans. Your out-of-pocket costs will also be lower for your prescription. Billing also tends to be less complicated. There’s also a very good likelihood that you’ll have to deal with the insurer itself. That’s because you have a PCP who you choose and who is responsible for managing your treatment and care. This professional will also advocate for services on your behalf. This includes making referrals for specialty services for you. The quality of care is generally higher with an HMO plan. That is because patients are encouraged to get annual physicals and seek out treatment early. Disadvantages of HMOsIf you’re paying for an HMO, then you’re restricted on how you can use the plan. You’ll have to designate a doctor, who will be responsible for your healthcare needs, including your primary care and referrals. However, this doctor must be part of the network. This means that you are responsible for any costs incurred if you see someone out of the network, even if there’s no contracted doctor in your area. You’ll need referrals for any specialists if you want your HMO to pay for any visits. If you need to visit a rheumatologist or a dermatologist, for example, your PCP must make a referral before you can see one for the plan to pay for your visit. If not, you’re responsible for the entire cost. There are very specific conditions that you must meet for certain medical claims, such as emergencies. For instance, there are usually very strict definitions of what constitutes an emergency. If your condition doesn’t fit the criteria, then the HMO plan won’t pay. Pros
Cons
What is health maintenance organization (HMO) insurance?Health maintenance organization (HMO) insurance provides covered individuals with health insurance in exchange for monthly or annual fees. People pay lower premiums than those with other forms of health insurance when they visit doctors and other providers who are part of the HMO’s network. What are HMO examples?Almost every major insurance company provides an HMO plan. For instance, Cigna and Humana provide their own versions of the HMO. Aetna offers individuals two options: the Aetna HMO and the Aetna Health Network Only plan. What are the benefits of an HMO?The main benefits are cost and quality of care. People who purchase HMO plans benefit from lower premiums than traditional forms of health insurance. This allows insured parties to get a higher quality of care from providers who are contracted with the organization. HMOs typically come with low or no deductibles and charge relatively low co-pays. HMO participants also don’t need referrals to get specialty services such as mammograms. What is the difference between an HMO and health insurance?Coverage under an HMO is generally pretty restrictive and comes at a lower cost to insured parties. Traditional health insurance, on the other hand, charges higher premiums, higher deductibles, and higher co-pays. But health insurance plans are much more flexible. People with health insurance don’t need to have a primary care physician (PCP) to outline treatment. Health insurance also pays some of the costs for out-of-network providers. Why do HMOs have a bad reputation?There are several restrictions for those covered under HMOs, which is why these plans have such a bad reputation. For instance, HMOs only allow insured parties to see individuals in their own network, which means that insured parties are responsible for the full amount of a visit to any doctor or specialist outside this group. The plan also may require individuals to live in a certain area, This means that someone who receives medical service out of the HMO’s network must pay for it themselves. The plans also require individuals to choose a PCP who determines the kind of treatment that patients need. The Bottom LineHealth insurance is an important consideration for every individual. Choosing the right plan depends on your personal situation, including your health, finances, and quality of life. You can choose from traditional health insurance, such as the PPO, or the HMO. The HMO provides insured individuals with lower out-of-pocket costs, but more restrictive conditions, including the doctor who you see. Make sure that you weigh the benefits and disadvantages of the plan, regardless of what you choose. Which of the following types of organizations are prepaid group?A Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) is a prepaid group health plan, where members pay in advance for the services of participating physicians and hospitals that have agreements.
What is a prepaid group quizlet?Prepaid group practices are groups of physicians who agree to provide comprehensive health care services for a fixed prospective per capita payment to a definite population. The staff model and the group model are two forms of PGPs.
What is the role of HMO?What Is the Purpose of a Health Maintenance Organization? The purpose of a Health Maintenance Organization is to focus on overall patient wellness and preventive healthcare while keeping costs low for its members by only covering in-network physicians and facilities.
What is the difference between MCO and HMO?A Managed Care Organization (MCO) is a healthcare provider that provides services for a set monthly fee. An MCO is either a Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) or a Managed Care Community Network (MCCN). HMOs are risk-bearing entities licensed by the Illinois Department of Insurance.
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Which of the following is an organization that provides health services on a prepaid basis?
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