Which of the following would be an example of a progressive taxation scheme? Show
a tax credit that gives $5,000 to individuals who make more than $40,000 per year, $1,000 to individuals who make $20,000 to $30,000 per year, and $200 to individuals who make less than $20,000 per year an increased tax rate on certain items, such as cigarettes and alcohol, to discourage their consumption an income tax that collects nothing from individuals making less than $20,000 per year, 5 percent from individuals making $20,000 to $30,000 per year, and 7 percent from individuals making $30,000 to $40,000 per year Upgrade to remove ads Only ₩37,125/year
Terms in this set (114)Which of the following is a characteristic of the scientific method? b) empirical methods of measurement In
applying the scientific method, "reliable" evidence is what could be considered ______________________ a) accurate Knowledge about politics based on authority may include specific authority, a general authority, or _____________________ d) "everyone" Which of the following is seldom an obstacle to the application of the scientific method to politics? d) it is impossible for others to evaluate the data and conclusions If something "feels" right to you, it is most likely what type of personal thought? a) intuition Which of the following is a key criticism of political science to convey that it fails to
meet the requirements as a "real" science? b) it lacks the scientific elements present in the hard sciences like physics or chemistry A comprehensive set of beliefs
about the political world is _____________________ c) a political ideology Which of the following ideologies places particular importance on stability, tradition and loyalty to G-d and country? b) conservatism According to Thomas Kuhn, a theory is described as ______________ b) a set of systematically linked generalizations Thomas Hobbes assumed which of the following? b) a strong ruler is essential to limit interpersonal violence Which of the
following ideologies advocates individual freedom, limited government, and laissez-faire economics? d) classical liberalism Which individual is usually identified as the "founding father" of classical liberalism? C) John Locke Adherents of classical liberalism particularly adhere to the belief that the role of gov't should be ___________________ b) limited Which of the following refers to the contemporary definition of a "liberal" in the US? b) someone who supports extensive gov't intervention and policies that increase equality of condition The
ideas of the welfare state are most consistent with _________________ a) socialism The feelings or emotions evoked by a political stimulus constitute the individual's _____________ b) affective orientation The concepts of mass and elite belief systems are associated with the studies of ______________ b) Philip Converse A possible criticism of Huntington's "civilizations" theory could be as follows: c) Huntington's generalizations are overly simplified and therefore cannot reflect the political culture of a country Which of the following would be considered the most unconventional mode of individual political action? c) engaging in revolutionary acts Which of the following activities by political interest groups would fall under
the provision of material resources? d) paying to send lobbyists to Washington DC An interest group that emerges spontaneously and for a short duration to express opposition to or support for particular
policy is considered to be a(n) ___________________ b) anomic interest group An interest group is transformed into a political party when it _________________ b) seeks to place its members in political office A political interest group is most likely to exert more influence on the gov't when _______________ a) its members are single issue activists A violent political demonstration led by revolutionaries is an example of _________________ c) an unconventional political action Which type of
organization has a primary function of aggregating and simplifying people's policy demands into a few packages of clear policy alternatives? c) political parties Political socialization can be defined as: b) the processes through which an individual acquires his or her orientations toward the political world Which of the following is most likely to be the most valuable agent for political socialization? a) family In modern societies, the major source of political information for most adults derives from: a) the media The media's role in signaling the importance of a particular political issue is
termed d) agenda setting One observation about much of the empirical research on the agents of political socialization is that c) it is difficult to identify precisely which agent has which specific effect on most individuals' political orientations In the 2012 US presidential election, the personal characteristic that was most asscoiated with voting for Barak Obama was c) being African American The biographies of Gandhi and Osama bin Laden reveal that c) people with similar backgrounds can choose different forms of political action For rational choice theorists, the "paradox of participation" is that, while many people vote c) the costs associated with political participation often outweigh the likely benefits When the agents of political socialization are ineffective or provide contradictory messages, an individual's political behavior will tend toward
_____________ a) apathy The term "sovereignty" refers to: c) the premise that each state is the ultimate source of law within its own boundaries Which is an example of a state, as defined by the text? d) Canada The most important goal of a state is c) security Res publica refers to: c) the appropriate domain of state activity The concept of the nation usually denotes d) a group that shares a single culture The doctrine of territorial integrity holds that d) the state has the right to resist any aggression or intervention within its boundaries According to Max Weber, the state is distinguished from all other organizations by a) its monopoly on the legitimate use of force Scholars predict that _____________ will be the basis of the majority of the world violence b) nation-based conflicts Liberty, equality, freedom, and justice are examples of: c) values When decisions are accepted as binding by the people affected, the decisions may be described as: c) authoritiative A key difference between authority and power is that: a) the exercise of authority does not require the application of power Which of the following is the best example of the exercise of coercive power? a) A's threat persuades B to do something B does not want to do Which of the following actions is a "support" input to a political system? b) obey local traffic laws Which of the following is usually a role of the executive? d) supervising military and foreign affairs Which of the following is the most responsible for the state's relations with other countries? c) execturive In a
political system with a fused executive, c) the ceremonial and political functions of the top executives both reside in the same actor In comparison to legislatures, executive structures tend to be: b) more capable of decisive action Which of the following is an important area of legislative oversight? a) approving major executive appointments Which of the following is a potential drawback of the bicameral legislature? c) stalemates in policymaking The concept of an independent judiciary means that: c) judicial actors are not constrained by the executive or legislature Which of the following is a reason for the decline in the power of most legislatures? b) legislatures have slow and cumbersome procedures Why does the term "bureaucratic" have a negative connotation? c) bureaucracies are large, impersonal and slow A
conservative Islamic country is most likely to adopt which of the following? d) sharia law A key element of representative democracy is having: c) universal adult suffrage A key feature of a constitution is that it: b) limits the powers of the rulers Which of the following countries has a stable two-party system? b) the US The United Nations (UN) is an example of a: b) confederation A political system that has both a President and Prime Minster would most likely be characterized as a(n): a) hybrid system A council system of government is defined by: b) a small number of individuals sharing executive and legislative power Another
term for representative democracy is: c) a republic Which of the following is a potential problem with a two-party system? c) voters lack a sufficient array of alternatives The basic economic principle in which price is determined by how much consumers want a given product relative to its availability is known as: c) supply and demand The gross domestic product is: d) the total value of all final goods produced within a state's territorial boundaries In a market economy, the factors of production are controlled primarily by: b) private economic actors Which of the following is most likely to be a shortcoming of a
command economy? a) insufficient incentives for high productivity The nonhuman productive input from other resources including financial resources, machinery, and technology is known as:
b) capital Which major theorist argued that the power elite in the US consists primarily of top military officials, industry leaders, and government officials? d) C. Wright Mills Regarding the elite, class, and pluralist approaches to explaining policy making, political scientists
tend to: d) disagree about which of the three approaches is most accurate Which of the following types of evidence would most seriously undermine the elite approach? d) the elite loses on major policy decisions of concern to its members Which of the following types of evidence would most seriously undermine the class approach? d) people who are similar in economic standing do not agree on most political issues The white-dominated Apartheid gov't in South Africa, which held power until 1994, is an example of a society best explained by: b) the elite approach The idea the inequality inevitable produces political conflict is most consistent with: b) the writings of Karl Marx The assumption that many different resources can influence policy decisions is central to: a) the pluralist approach Political
stratification refers to the segmentation of the ____________ into separate groups that hold varying degrees of ____________. c) population; power The most important shared concept between the elite approach and the class approach is acknowledgment of ___________ throughout and between societies. a) structured inequality At its most basic level, Marx's characterization of society is that it is divided between the capitalist class and the: c) proletariat class In
which stage of the public policy process is the emphasis on the actual delivery of the valued good or service? a) implementation In which stage of the public policy process is the major emphasis on determining what condition in the environment requires a policy response? d) problem identification The dimension of development that deals with cognitive, affective and evaluative orientations is: d) attitudinal Which of the following scholars argued that development would occur in six
stages? a) Karl Marx Marx proposed a stage taxonomy of development in which the initial stage is labeled: a) primitive communism General traits of "modern" man in a
developing society include: a) openness to new experiences In emphasizing the importance of culture in the processes of change, Max Weber: a) drew a linkage between the Protestant religion and the rise of capitalism A core principle of neoliberalism as an approach to development is: c) to maximize the economic freedom of firms Political decay is most likely when: c) political institutions fail to withstand pressures caused by the increasing political participation and demands Which of the following is the most likely outcome in cases of serious political decay? a) the military intervenes in politics to restore order Which of the following would have the most relevance from an international relations perspective? c) the establishment of diplomatic ties between two countries The most widespread mechanism for coordinating between states and politics across borders is: b) diplomacy The classical notion of balance of power: a) describes an approach for maintaining stability in the relations among states Which type of colonial domination involves an attempt to transform
a colonial state into an extension of the dominant state? d) assimilationist colonialism Which type of colonial domination is characterized by an official withdrawal of the dominant state, but with domination maintained, usually be economic leverage? d) neocolonialism Which of the following trends seems most likely to continue in the current globalized, post-Cold War system? c) Economic competition will become more intense, turning former allies into enemies The increasing international integration of markets and technologies leading to more interdependece of people and nations is referred to as: d) globalization The security dilemma that all states face is the result of countries being part of an international system that is generally assumed to be: a) anarchic An analysis of a nation's foreign policy that takes into account the subtle differences in cultural values and how it might perceive the creation of a new international
organization, for example, would likely be considered: b) constructivism The formal attempt to institutionalize and constrain the interactions among states is known as: a) international law
All example of a distinct variation of international relations is known as _________________ IR. d) feminist If a gov't makes it illegal for banks to do business with companies from a specific country, this would be an example of the imposition of: d) sanctions When a group of states cooperates to withhold valued resources from a state in order to pressure that state to comply without using violence, the strategy employs the use of: b) sanctions Thomas Hobbes believed that individuals submitted to the social contract in an attempt
to ensure that: D) force would be the final resort for resolving disagreement The majority of Aboriginal Australians live in: c) modern homes Marx's predictions were best at predicting: b) some of the tensions and problems of capitalism Which
of these statements is most accurate: d) human beings are a mixture of both Feminist IR argues that women are: b) more likely to favor compromises to avoid violence The historical tendency of stronger nations to take over and rule weaker nations is: a) colonialism The Cold War is an example of: c) low-intensity conflict The Russian propaganda video in class depicted American capitalists as: c) greedy dogs The American propaganda video in class depicted
Russian communists as: c) snake-oil salesmen The model of Liberalism assumes: a) nations will compete but they will also cooperate C. Wright Mills argued that who controls states: c) a small and limited power elite Students also viewedPolitical Science- Midterm Ch. 720 terms soledadanne27 Poli Sci Final- Ch. 824 terms ariana_west9 Political Science- Midterm Ch. 120 terms soledadanne27 Poli Sci Final- Ch. 925 terms soledadanne27 Sets found in the same folderIntro PLS chapters 5-943 terms LydzTheAwesome poli sci mid term89 terms sandylule Political Science- Midterm Ch. 210 terms soledadanne27 Intro to Political Science Ch410 terms Sra_Manzanas Other sets by this creatorLab values30 terms Joe_Meyer3 Drug prefixes, roots, and suffices70 terms Joe_Meyer3 Pop Health EXAM 152 terms Joe_Meyer3 Family Health Exam 2114 terms Joe_Meyer3 Verified questionseconomics Express the given sum in terms of the summation notation. $$ 3+12+27+48+75 $$ Verified answer
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Which of the following is not a reason for the decline in the power of most legislatures?Which of the following is NOT a reason for the decline in the power of most legislatures? Legislatures do not meet often enough for effective leadership to emerge.
Which of the following is a major role of the legislature quizlet?What is the primary function of a legislature? The three principal functions of legislatures are policymaking, representation, and oversight. But the primary function is lawmaking i.e. legislate.
Which of the following has not transformed the legislature quizlet?Which of the following has NOT transformed the legislature? all death penalty cases.
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Which of the following is a reason for the decline in the power of most legislators quizlet?
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