Which of the following are audit standards used in professional practice by audit firms?

International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing

Standards are principle-focused and provide a framework for performing and promoting internal auditing. The Standards are mandatory requirements consisting of:

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International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing
Recent Updates
The PCAOB announces agenda for the November 2 meeting of its Standards and Emerging Issues Advisory Group.
On October 26, 2022, the PCAOB will livestream its Forum on Auditing in the Small Business Environment and on Auditing Broker-Dealers.
Related Information
Standards-Related Inquiries
General Auditing Standards
1000 General Principles and Responsibilities
1100 General Concepts
1200 General Activities
1300 Auditor Communications
Audit Procedures
2100 Audit Planning and Risk Assessment
2200 Auditing Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
2300 Audit Procedures in Response to Risks—Nature, Timing, and Extent
2400 Audit Procedures for Specific Aspects of the Audit
2500 Audit Procedures for Certain Accounts or Disclosures
2600 Special Topics
2700 Auditor's Responsibilities Regarding Supplemental and Other Information
2800 Concluding Audit Procedures
2900 Post-Audit Matters
Auditor Reporting
3100 Reporting on Audits of Financial Statements
3300 Other Reporting Topics
Matters Relating to Filings Under Federal Securities Laws
Other Matters Associated with Audits
What are the professional auditing standards?
What are the types of audit standards?
What are the three major categories of audit standards?
What are examples of auditor's standards of practice?

Statements of basic requirements for the professional practice of internal auditing and for evaluating the effectiveness of its performance. The requirements are internationally applicable at organizational and individual levels.
Interpretations, which clarify terms or concepts within the statements.
Glossary terms.

It is necessary to consider both the statements and their interpretations to understand and apply the Standards correctly. The Standards employ terms that have been given specific meanings as noted in the Glossary, which is also part of the Standards.

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act directs the Board to establish auditing and related professional practice standards for registered public accounting firms to follow in the preparation of audit reports for public companies, other issuers, and broker-dealers.

The PCAOB seeks to establish and maintain high quality auditing and related professional practice standards for audits of public companies and other issuers, and broker-dealers in support of our mission to protect investors and further the public interest in the preparation of informative, accurate, and independent audit reports.

PCAOB rules require registered public accounting firms and their associated persons to comply with all applicable auditing and related professional practice standards.

In the event of typographical or other technical errors in the standards presented on this website, the rule text adopted by the Board and approved by the SEC in adopting releases shall govern.

Recent Updates

Oct. 27, 2022

The PCAOB announces agenda for the November 2 meeting of its Standards and Emerging Issues Advisory Group.

Oct. 13, 2022

On October 26, 2022, the PCAOB will livestream its Forum on Auditing in the Small Business Environment and on Auditing Broker-Dealers.

Form: Contact Us
Phone: 202-591-4395

The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, directs the Board to establish, by rule, auditing and related professional practice standards for registered public accounting firms to follow in the preparation of audit reports for public companies and other issuers, and broker-dealers.

The following is a list of PCAOB auditing standards for audits of financial statements for fiscal years ending on or after December 15, 2020. Downloadable PDF booklets of the auditing standards that are effective for audits of that and other periods are also available:

PCAOB auditing standards for audits of financial statements for fiscal years ending on or after Dec. 15, 2020
PCAOB auditing standards for audits of financial statements for fiscal years ending Dec. 15, 2017 through Dec. 14, 2020
PCAOB auditing standards, as reorganized beginning Dec. 31, 2016, for audits of financial statements for fiscal years ending before Dec. 15, 2017

For periods not listed above, applicable auditing standards are available in the archive.

Find analogous auditing standards of the ASB and the IAASB using the Find an Analogous Standard reference tool.

General Auditing Standards

1000 General Principles and Responsibilities

AS 1001: Responsibilities and Functions of the Independent Auditor
AS 1005: Independence
AS 1010: Training and Proficiency of the Independent Auditor
AS 1015: Due Professional Care in the Performance of Work

1100 General Concepts

AS 1101: Audit Risk
AS 1105: Audit Evidence
AS 1110: Relationship of Auditing Standards to Quality Control Standards

1200 General Activities

AS 1201: Supervision of the Audit Engagement
AS 1205: Part of the Audit Performed by Other Independent Auditors
AS 1206: Dividing Responsibility for the Audit with Another Accounting Firm (new for FYE on or after December 15, 2024)
AS 1210: Using the Work of an Auditor-Engaged Specialist
AS 1215: Audit Documentation
AS 1220: Engagement Quality Review

1300 Auditor Communications

AS 1301: Communications with Audit Committees
AS 1305: Communications About Control Deficiencies in an Audit of Financial Statements

Audit Procedures

2100 Audit Planning and Risk Assessment

AS 2101: Audit Planning
AS 2105: Consideration of Materiality in Planning and Performing an Audit
AS 2110: Identifying and Assessing Risks of Material Misstatement

2200 Auditing Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

AS 2201: An Audit of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting That Is Integrated with An Audit of Financial Statements

2300 Audit Procedures in Response to Risks—Nature, Timing, and Extent

AS 2301: The Auditor's Responses to the Risks of Material Misstatement
AS 2305: Substantive Analytical Procedures
AS 2310: The Confirmation Process
AS 2315: Audit Sampling

2400 Audit Procedures for Specific Aspects of the Audit

AS 2401: Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit
AS 2405: Illegal Acts by Clients
AS 2410: Related Parties
AS 2415: Consideration of an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern

2500 Audit Procedures for Certain Accounts or Disclosures

AS 2501: Auditing Accounting Estimates, Including Fair Value Measurements
AS 2505: Inquiry of a Client's Lawyer Concerning Litigation, Claims, and Assessments
AS 2510: Auditing Inventories

2600 Special Topics

AS 2601: Consideration of an Entity's Use of a Service Organization
AS 2605: Consideration of the Internal Audit Function
AS 2610: Initial Audits—Communications Between Predecessor and Successor Auditors

2700 Auditor's Responsibilities Regarding Supplemental and Other Information

AS 2701: Auditing Supplemental Information Accompanying Audited Financial Statements
AS 2705: Required Supplementary Information
AS 2710: Other Information in Documents Containing Audited Financial Statements

2800 Concluding Audit Procedures

AS 2801: Subsequent Events
AS 2805: Management Representations
AS 2810: Evaluating Audit Results
AS 2815: The Meaning of "Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles"
AS 2820: Evaluating Consistency of Financial Statements

2900 Post-Audit Matters

AS 2901: Consideration of Omitted Procedures After the Report Date
AS 2905: Subsequent Discovery of Facts Existing at the Date of the Auditor's Report

Auditor Reporting

3100 Reporting on Audits of Financial Statements

AS 3101: The Auditor's Report on an Audit of Financial Statements When the Auditor Expresses an Unqualified Opinion
AS 3105: Departures from Unqualified Opinions and Other Reporting Circumstances
AS 3110: Dating of the Independent Auditor's Report

3300 Other Reporting Topics

AS 3305: Special Reports
AS 3310: Special Reports on Regulated Companies
AS 3315: Reporting on Condensed Financial Statements and Selected Financial Data
AS 3320: Association with Financial Statements

Matters Relating to Filings Under Federal Securities Laws

AS 4101: Responsibilities Regarding Filings Under Federal Securities Statutes
AS 4105: Reviews of Interim Financial Information

Other Matters Associated with Audits

AS 6101: Letters for Underwriters and Certain Other Requesting Parties
AS 6105: Reports on the Application of Accounting Principles
AS 6110: Compliance Auditing Considerations in Audits of Recipients of Governmental Financial Assistance
AS 6115: Reporting on Whether a Previously Reported Material Weakness Continues to Exist

What are the professional auditing standards?

Generally accepted auditing standards (GAAS) are a set of systematic guidelines used by auditors when conducting audits on companies' financial records. GAAS helps to ensure the accuracy, consistency, and verifiability of auditors' actions and reports.

What are the types of audit standards?

Key Takeaways. There are three main types of audits: external audits, internal audits, and Internal Revenue Service (IRS) audits. External audits are commonly performed by Certified Public Accounting (CPA) firms and result in an auditor's opinion which is included in the audit report.