General High Alert Medication: This medication bears a heightened risk of causing significant patient harm when it is used in error. Pronunciation: Ther. Class. mineral and electrolyte replacements/supplements Pharm. Class. minerals electrolytes Unlabeled Use(s): Action Therapeutic Effect(s): Absorption: IV administration results in complete bioavailability; well absorbed from IM sites. Distribution: Widely distributed. Crosses the placenta and is present in breast milk. Metabolism and Excretion: Excreted primarily by the kidneys. Half-life: Unknown. TIME/ACTION PROFILE (anticonvulsant effect)
Contraindication/PrecautionsContraindicated in:
Use Cautiously in:
Adverse Reactions/Side EffectsCV: arrhythmias, bradycardia, hypotension Derm: flushing, sweating GI: diarrhea Metabolic: hypothermia MS: muscle weakness Neuro: drowsiness Resp: ↓ respiratory rate * CAPITALS indicate life-threatening. InteractionsDrug-Drug May potentiate calcium channel blockers and neuromuscular blocking agents. Route/DosageTreatment of Deficiency IM IV (Adults): Severe deficiency– 8–12 g/day in divided doses; mild deficiency– 1 g every 6 hr for 4 doses or 250 mg/kg over 4 hr. IM IV (Children >1 mo): 25–50 mg/kg/dose every 4–6 hr for 3–4 doses, maximum single dose: 2 g. IV (Neonates): 25–50 mg/kg/dose every 8–12 hr for 2–3 doses. Seizures Associated with Eclampsia/Pre-Eclampsia IV (Adults): 4–6 g loading dose over 15–30 min at onset of labor or induction/cesarean delivery, followed by 1–2 g/hr continuous infusion for ≥24 hours after delivery (max infusion rate = 3 g/hr). If seizure occurs while receiving magnesium, an additional bolus of 2–4 g may be administered over ≥5 minutes. Max dose = 40 g/24 hr. IM (Adults): 10 g loading dose administered as 5 g in each buttock at onset of labor or induction/cesarean delivery, followed by 5 g every 4 hours for ≥24 hours after delivery. Torsades de Pointes IV (Infants and Children): 25–50 mg/kg/dose, maximum dose: 2 g. Bronchodilation IV (Adults): 2 g single dose. IV (Children): 25 mg/kg/dose, maximum dose: 2 g. Parenteral Nutrition IV (Adults): 4–24 mEq/day. IV (Children): 0.25–0.5 mEq/kg/day. Availability (generic available)Solution for injection (8.1 mEq Mg/g): 500 mg/mL (50%) Premixed infusion: 1 g/100 mL, 2 g/50 mL, 4 g/50 mL, 4 g/100 mL, 20 g/500 mL, 40 g/1000 mL Assessment
Lab Test Considerations: Monitor serum magnesium levels and renal function periodically during administration of parenteral magnesium sulfate. Implementation
IV Administration
Patient/Family Teaching
Evaluation/Desired Outcomes
magnesium sulfate (parenteral) is a sample topic from the Davis's Drug Guide. To view other topics, please log in or purchase a subscription. Nursing Central is an award-winning, complete mobile solution for nurses and students. Look up information on diseases, tests, and procedures; then consult the database with 5,000+ drugs or refer to 65,000+ dictionary terms. Complete Product Information. What should you monitor when taking magnesium sulfate?Monitor for signs and symptoms of magnesium sulfate toxicity (ie. hypotension, areflexia (loss of DTRs), respiratory depression, respiratory arrest, oliguria, shortness of breath, chest pains, slurred speech, hypothermia, confusion, circulatory collapse).
How do you monitor magnesium sulfate toxicity?MONITORING FOR SIGNS OF TOXICITY
Count respiration rate for 1 minute every hour. The rate should be ≥ 16. Patella reflexes should be present. Check every hour: - Place one hand under woman's knee and lift leg off bed.
What are nursing interventions for magnesium sulfate?Nursing Considerations. use caution with renal insufficiency.. may cause decreased respiratory rate, arrythmias, hypotension, muscle weakness.. monitor EKG and respiratory status.. monitor Mg levels.. ensure dosage with secondary practitioner.. Calcium gluconate is the antidote.. Which of the following should the nurse monitor for a patient receiving magnesium sulphate infusion?During loading dose: While the loading dose is being administered, the nurse should remain at the bedside to monitor the patient. Vital signs (blood pressure, respirations [rate and pattern], pulse, temperature, oxygen saturation level).
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