What two brain imaging techniques provide static images of specific brain structures Quizlet

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- Nature of information transmission in the nervous system: both chemical & electrical
- The nervous system is a system of neurons.
(A neuron consists of three parts: body, dendrites, axon.)
- Neurons send electrochemical signals through their axons to other neurons to produce thoughts, feelings and actions.
- However, there is a narrow gap between every neuron called the synapse, which cannot be crossed by the signals produced by these neurons. → when neurotransmitters are used
- Neurotransmitters: chemical messengers stored in the axon and released into the synaptic gap
- When the electrical impulse reaches the end of the axon, a neurotransmitter is released into the synaptic gap → allows transmission of signals from one neuron to the next.
- There are various different types of neurotransmitters in the brain and each of them have their own effect on the human body.
E.g - oxytocin: aka "love hormone" - plays a role in trust, empathy, social bonding, reproduction, and childbirth.

Are used to get a sense of an individuals strengths and weaknesses, particularly when mental retardation or brain damage is
expected
-also used to identify gifted children and children with intellectual difficulties
Accumulated knowledge
Ability to learn, ability to shift behavior and thoughts
Capacity to adapt to their environment
General and specific components

Common Intelligence tests (task and behavior)
-WAIS (Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale) ... verbal abilities, visuospatial abilities, working memory and processing speed
-WISC (Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children)
-Woodstock-Johnson Test of cognitive abilities

Verbal Abilities
-working memory and processing speed
-overall intelligence
-visual vs verbal
-strength/weaknesses

Tests were designed to measure basic intellectual abilities like abstract reasoning, verbal fluency, and spatial memory
-IQ: used to describe a method of comparing an individual's score on an intelligence test with the performance of individuals in the same group, mean=100
-IQ= measure of current cognitive function

Disadvantages: little consensus to what is meant by intelligence, success in life is strongly influenced by social skills and other talents not measured, biased in favor of middle-and-upper-class educated individuals because they are more familiar with these kinds of reasoning