Unionization is the process of forming a union, having employees join it, and having employers accept it. Show
Definition and Example of UnionizationUnionization is the process of forming a labor union and getting it accepted in the workplace. For example, Amazon workers in Staten Island, New York, formed a union in 2022 to advocate for their interests. They followed the process set out by the National Labor Relations Board, part of the U.S. Department of Labor. Now, the union represents the workers at that facility. It can be a difficult process, but on average, union workers earn more than non-union workers. How Unionization WorksThe process of unionization can be long and contentious because of the different interests of the workers, the union, and the employer. It is governed by federal law, and many states have additional laws that apply. Employers looking to avoid unionization must be careful not to break the law. NoteIn the United States, unionization is covered by federal law that outlines the rights and responsibilities for both management groups and workers interested in forming a union. When a group of workers is interested in forming a union, it can proceed by calling in a union organizer or by setting up its own organization. The group then creates an organizing committee to divide up the work. The committee will distribute union support cards. If at least 30% of the employees sign a support card, an election will be held. If the workers vote for the union, the union will negotiate on behalf of the workers for wages, benefits, and work conditions. Employers must negotiate in good faith under the law. Unions are more likely to form when employees are unhappy than when they are satisfied with their work conditions.The process can be difficult, and employers often dedicate considerable resources to keeping unions out of their workplaces. These can range from offering raises (which is fine) to firing workers (which is illegal). In the United States, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that in 2021, 10.3% of workers were represented by a union. Public-sector employees are most likely to be in unions, with 33.9% having union representation, compared to 6.1% of workers in the private sector. The median union member earns $1,169 per week, compared to $975 for the median non-union member. That wage difference explains much of the interest in unionization. Pros and Cons of UnionizationPros
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Alternatives to UnionizationSome employers choose to improve pay, benefits, and working conditions to head off unionization, making it unnecessary. Unionization is difficult, so employees don’t do it unless they have problems in the workplace. Other businesses include employees in ownership to align the interests of workers and owners. Another alternative to unionization is professional certification. Certifications have the effect of raising wages and limiting the pool of employees without a union. Workers may be able to get some of the benefits of unionization through certifications, including higher wages and a trade association that can provide some advocacy. Key Takeaways
Want to read more content like this? Sign up for The Balance’s newsletter for daily insights, analysis, and financial tips, all delivered straight to your inbox every morning! Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Tell us why! Other SubmitSources The Balance uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. What is the process of a union?To start with a definition, the unionization process is:
The process of organizing the employees of a company into a labor union which will act as an intermediary between the employees and company management. In most cases it requires a majority vote of the employees to authorize a union.
What is it called when unions represent workers?Officially known as a “labor organization,” and also called a “trade union” or a “workers union,” a labor union selects representatives to negotiate with employers in a process known as collective bargaining.
Which is Step 6 in the process employees must follow to form a union?Step 6: Vote!
Once a majority of your coworkers have signed union support cards, they are submitted to the National Labor Relations Board to request a union election. This part can take several weeks as the Board decides on an election date and determines who at your workplace can vote.
What does it mean to be represented by a union?You have a right to be represented by your union fairly, in good faith, and without discrimination. Your union has the duty to represent all employees - whether members of the union or not-fairly, in good faith, and without discrimination.
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