American Government
1st EditionGlen Krutz
412 solutions
American Corrections
11th EditionMichael D. Reisig, Todd R. Clear
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Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition
16th EditionGeorge C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry
269 solutions
Criminal Justice in America
9th EditionChristina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole
105 solutions
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Terms in this set (87)
In the 1960s, the California legislature changed from a professional, well-staffed legislature to an amateur legislature with little expertise in public affairs.
False
Unlike the U.S. Congress, both houses of the California legislature are apportioned on the basis of population.
True
In California's legislature, seniority plays a smaller role in comparison to the U.S. Congress.
True
California has a unicameral legislature.
False
The leader of California's Assembly is called the
Speaker
The two principle functions of legislatures are representation and policy making.
True
California state senate districts are smaller than state assembly districts.
False
Proposition 140 limits legislators to three two-year terms in the Assembly and two four-year terms in the Senate.
True
A two-thirds vote of the California legislature is required to pass budget bills, appropriations bills, tax bills, and constitutional amendments.
False
A major difference between the California legislature and the U.S. Congress is term limits
True
The idea that ordinary people have a right and a duty to participate in public affairs is the essential component of the ideal of
Self Government
The frequency of elections in the United States reduces voter turnout by
Increasing the personal effort needed to participate in all elections.
Unlike in many other democracies, elections in the United States are traditionally held on
Tuesdays
One of the reasons why voter turnout is lower in the United States than in Western European countries is that
U.S. registration laws place a greater burden on the individual.
Civic duty and apathy are attitudes that are usually acquired from
one's parents.
Regular voters tend to be characterized by
A strong sense of civic duty.
As distinct from alienation, apathy is
A general lack of interest in politics.
Education and income affects voter turnout
More in the United States than in Europe
In comparison with citizens in Western European democracies, Americans are less likely to
Vote in national elections.
Harvard's Robert Putnam argues in his book Bowling Alone that
America has been undergoing a long-term decline in its social capital.
The president's constitutional roles, such as chief executive and commander in chief,
have expanded in practice to be more powerful than the writers of the Constitution intended.
Congress has formally declared war ________ times in U.S. history
5
The Whig theory holds that the presidency
is a limited office whose occupant is confined to the exercise of expressly granted constitutional powers.
The primary election as a means of choosing presidential nominees
has been used more extensively in recent decades, such that the candidate who dominates the primaries can usually expect to receive the nomination.
Candidate strategy in the early presidential nominating contests (such as New Hampshire's primary) is designed chiefly to gain
Momentum
Whereas today candidates rely on the media, previously they based their campaigns on
the party organizations
Which of the following is a reason that the nation did not routinely need a strong president during most of the nineteenth century?
all of these factors: the small policymaking role of the federal government; the sectional nature of the nation's major issues; and the U.S. government's small role in world affairs
________ was known as the "Great Communicator."
Ronald Reagan
If the U.S. House of Representatives chooses to impeach a president, who conducts the trial?
the U.S. Senate
The only two states that are exceptions to the unit rule are
Maine and Nebraska.
The writers of the Constitution established a federal system of government in part because
the states already existed as established entities and had to be preserved
Viewed in historical terms, federalism has been a
contentious and dynamic system that has adapted to the needs of the time.
Which of the following were arguments in favor of federalism at the time of the writing of the Constitution?
All these answers are correct.
The Tenth Amendment addressed the concerns of Anti-Federalists about
the powers of state governments.
What did Reagan promote as part of his version of "new federalism"?
the use of block grants over categorical grants
Political conservatives who favor more political power devolved back to the states would likely prefer which of the following?
block grants
Which of the following was the core of Nixon's approach to "new federalism"?
revenue sharing, where the federal government gave money to the states to use as they saw fit
McCulloch v. Maryland
affirmed that national law is supreme to conflicting state law.
The period of dual federalism (1865-1937) was marked by
business supremacy in the area of commerce.
Fiscal federalism refers to
the expenditure of federal funds on programs run in part through state and local governments.
People have rarely moved to California seeking a better life and increased opportunities.
True
Proposition 30, which implements temporary increases in the state sales tax and the income tax for certain brackets, also negates the two-thirds rule for the legislature to raise taxes in general.
False
__________ ____________ is the only California governor to be recalled by voters in the state's history
Gray Davis
Compared with other states, California not only has more undocumented immigrants but they constitute a higher percentage of the state's total population.
True
A safe seat is when an incumbent generally wins an election by more than a 10 to 15 percent margin.
True
California is less culturally diverse than other states.
False
The proportion of immigrants in California who speak English at home is lower than the proportion of immigrants in the United States as a whole who speak English at home.
False
California's Constitution has no provisions for direct democracy in it.
False
According to the book, how many initiatives has California had from 1904 to 2009?
329
According to the book, what is California's poverty rate?
13.7%
The idea that ordinary people have a right and a duty to participate in public affairs is the essential component of the ideal of
self-government
Voter registration in the United States
began as a way of preventing voters from casting more than one ballot on election day.
Many white working-class citizens failed to vote in the 1968 and 1972 elections because they felt alienated by the centrality of which political issue?
civil rights
Eighteen, nineteen, and twenty year-old Americans were granted the right to vote in ________.
1971
Harvard's Robert Putnam argues in his book Bowling Alone that
America has been undergoing a long-term decline in its social capital.
Political protests
are today usually planned events.
The chief obstacle to Americans' participation in community activities is the
lack of personal motivation to get involved.
Democrats and Republicans have endured as the two major U.S. parties primarily due to
their ability to adapt to changing circumstances.
In 1912, a candidate for which minor party managed to earn more votes than one of his major party opponents?
Bull Moose
The Democratic Party's long-time regional stronghold, "the Solid South," stemmed from a realignment during which historical period?
the immediate post-Civil War era
________ warned Americans of the "baneful effects" of factions (political parties) in his 1797 farewell address
George Washington
What party has made big gains in recent decades among white fundamentalist Christians, based on its positions on topics like abortion and school prayer?
Republican
In the 2008 presidential election, ________ used the Internet most successfully to attract followers and raise donations
Barack Obama
Which of the following are key players in the modern campaign?
All these answers are correct.
James Carville, Dick Morris, and Roger Ailes are all examples of
campaign strategists who have earned legendary reputations
The function that the national party organizations perform in relation to congressional candidates can best be described as a
service role—helping candidates conduct their personal campaigns
Andrew Jackson's contribution to the development of political parties was the
formation of a new type of grassroots party organization.
Why have issue networks become more prevalent than iron triangles?
the increasing complexity of policy problems
Some groups pursue collective goods. A collective good is one that
cannot be selectively granted or denied to individuals; it must be shared
The situation in which individuals are tempted not to contribute to a cause because they will get the benefits even if they do not participate is called
the free-rider problem.
In order to overcome the free-rider problem, non-economic groups have
used Internet resources and computer-assisted mailing lists to target potential donors
In acknowledging the dilemma inherent in group activity, James Madison
worried that government would be overly dominated by groups, but recognized that a free society is obliged to permit the advocacy of self-interest
In recent decades, lobbyists in Washington, D.C. have increasingly
targeted the executive branch in their efforts to influence policy decisions.
The term iron triangle refers to
a small and informal but relatively stable set of bureaucrats, legislators, and lobbyists who are concerned with promoting a particular interest.
A pluralist could be expected to argue that
society is best seen as a collection of separate interests
Economist Mancur Olson refers to what aspect of interest groups as "the size factor"?
Small groups are ordinarily more united on policy issues and often have more resources, enabling them to win out more often than large groups.
Another name for an interest group is
Pressure group
A standing committee in the House or Senate
All these answers are correct.
The modern Congress is different from the nineteenth century Congress in that most members
are now professional politicians who want to stay in Congress.
Incumbents may have some problems in reelection campaigns if
All these answers are correct
Which one of the following statements about the seniority principle is most accurate?
Seniority is no longer absolute in the selection of committee chairs, but it is usually followed
Congress typically takes presidential proposals
only as a starting point
Most of the work on legislation in Congress is done
by committees and their respective subcommittee
There are currently ________ voting members of the U.S. House of Representatives and ________ voting members of the U.S. Senate.
435,100
For a bill to pass in either chamber of Congress, it must
receive the support of a simple majority of its members.
The theory that society's interests are most effectively represented through group action is
pluralist theory.
Congressional staffers spend most of their time on
constituency service and public relations
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