Technical, cultural, and economic advances are key drivers in the advancement of:

In terms of social globalization the world remains more connected than ever due to the widespread use of digital technologies. However, since the Great Recession of 2008-2010 a downward trend in economic integration has been observed.1

The slowdown of world trade that resulted from the financial crisis was exacerbated by protectionist policies and nationalist movements in recent years. The COVID-19 health crisis that brought economic collapse has prompted policymakers to take deliberate steps toward deglobalization. While the current trend is not likely to end globalization, some argue that “globalization can be reversed, at least partially.”2

In addition, the United Nations identified three mega-trends related to globalization: shifts in production and labor markets, rapid advances in technology, and climate change.3

Listed below are books, reports, and articles that discuss the trends in globalization and offer guidance for further research. The following titles link to fuller bibliographic information in the Library of Congress Online Catalog. Links to additional online content are included when available.

• Connectography: Mapping the Future of Global Civilization by

  Call Number: GF47 .K43 2016

  ISBN: 9780812988550

  Published/Created: 2016

  From the visionary bestselling author of The Second World and How to Run the World comes a bracing and authoritative guide to a future shaped less by national borders than by global supply chains, a world in which the most connected powers--and people--will win. Connectivity is the most revolutionary force of the twenty-first century. Mankind is reengineering the planet, investing up to ten trillion dollars per year in transportation, energy, and communications infrastructure linking the world's burgeoning megacities together. This has profound consequences for geopolitics, economics, demographics, the environment, and social identity. Connectivity, not geography, is our destiny.

• The Creation and Destruction of Value: the Globalization Cycle by Harold James

  Call Number: HF1359 .J357 2009

  ISBN: 9780674035843

  Published/Created: 2009

  Harold James examines the vulnerability and fragility of processes of globalization, both historically and in the present. This book applies lessons from past breakdowns of globalization--above all in the Great Depression--to show how financial crises provoke backlashes against global integration: against the mobility of capital or goods, but also against flows of migration. By a parallel examination of the financial panics of 1929 and 1931 as well as that of 2008, he shows how banking and monetary collapses suddenly and radically alter the rules of engagement for every other type of economic activity.

• The Dark Side of Globalization by Jorge Heine (Editor); Ramesh Thakur (Editor); United Nations University Staff

  Call Number: JZ1318 .D367 2011

  ISBN: 9789280811940

  Published/Created: 2011

  Seen by some as a desirable and irreversible engine of prosperity and progress, globalization is resisted by others as the soft underbelly of a corporate imperialism that plunders and profiteers in the global marketplace. Globalization has brought many benefits, including the reduction of poverty in several countries. But it also has a dark side: the unleashing of negative forces as a result of the compression of time and space made possible by modern technology. Examples include the transnational flows of terrorism, drug and human trafficking, organized crime, money laundering, and global pandemics. How do these various expressions of "uncivil society" manifest themselves? How do they exploit the opportunities offered by globalization? How can governments, international organizations, and civil society deal with the problem? From arms trafficking in West Africa through armed insurgencies in South Asia and the upsurge of jihad in the age of globalization, this book examines the challenges that the dark forces of globalization pose to the international system and the responses they have triggered. Written largely by authors from developing countries, the book's goal is to help maximize the beneficial consequences of globalization while muting its baleful effects.

• Deglobalization 2.0: Trade and Openness During the Great Depression and the Great Recession by Peter A. G. van Bergeijk

  ISBN: 9781788973458

  Published/Created: 2019

  The rapid integration of global governments, businesses and capital has faced a dramatic and often hostile backlash in recent years. As populist agendas worldwide gain momentum, Deglobalization 2.0 explores the key drivers of reactionary movements. From the 'Make America Great Again' movement in the US, to Continental European populism, Peter van Bergeijk explains the critical catalysts of anti-globalization sentiment. Through a historical lens, this book draws out similarities and differences between contemporary developments and the economic crises of the 1930s, offering a unique understanding of the political and economic drivers of deglobalization.

• 
  Global Issues: Selections from the CQ Researcher. by CQ Press

  Call Number: JZ1318 .G558

  Published/Created: 2001-

  This annual publication from CQ Researcher offers an in-depth examination of today’s most pressing global issues with a goal to promote in-depth discussion, facilitate further research, and help readers formulate their own positions on crucial global issues.

• Globalization and the Environment by Peter Christoff; Robyn Eckersley

  Call Number: GE149 .C548 2013

  ISBN: 9780742556584

  Published/Created: 2013

  This book by two leading scholars offers the first systematic analysis of the relationship between globalization and the environment from the early Modern period to the present. Peter Christoff and Robyn Eckersley develop a broad conceptual framework for understanding the globalization of environmental problems and the highly uneven, often faltering, international political response. The authors develop linkages between economic globalization and environmental degradation and explore a range of key global environmental problems--focusing on the two most challenging of all: climate change and biodiversity loss. Finally, they critically explore the challenges of environmental governance in a world defined by global capitalism and sovereign states. Providing a normative framework for evaluating global environmental governance, they suggest alternative institutional and policy responses. Through a rich set of case studies, this powerful book will help readers grasp the systemic causes of global environmental degradation as well as the myriad opportunities for reform of global environmental governance.

• In the Wake of the Crisis by Olivier Blanchard; David Romer (Editor); Michael Spence (Editor); Joseph E. Stiglitz (Editor); Guillermo Ortiz

  Call Number: HB3717 2008 .I6 2012

  ISBN: 9780262017619

  Published/Created: 2012

  In 2011, the International Monetary Fund invited prominent economists and economic policymakers to consider the brave new world of the post-crisis global economy. The result is a book that captures the state of macroeconomic thinking at a transformational moment. The crisis and the weak recovery that has followed raise fundamental questions concerning macroeconomics and economic policy. These top economists discuss future directions for monetary policy, fiscal policy, financial regulation, capital-account management, growth strategies, the international monetary system, and the economic models that should underpin thinking about critical policy choices.

• The New Global Road Map by Pankaj Ghemawat; N. Chandrasekaran (Foreword by)

  Call Number: HF1365 .G524 2018

  ISBN: 9781633694040

  Published/Created: 2018

  Executives can no longer base their strategies on the assumption that globalization will continue to advance steadily. But how should they respond to the growing pressures against globalization? And what can businesses do to control their destinies in these times of uncertainty? In The New Global Road Map, Pankaj Ghemawat separates fact from fiction by giving readers a better understanding of the key trends affecting global business. He also explains how globalization levels around the world are changing, and where they are likely to go in the future. Using the most up-to-date data and analysis, Ghemawat dispels today's most dangerous myths and provides a clear view of the most critical issues facing policy makers in the years ahead. Building on this analysis, with examples from a diverse set of companies across industries and geographies, Ghemawat provides actionable frameworks and tools to help executives revise their strategies, restructure their global footprints, realign their organizations, and rethink how they work with local governments and institutions.

• Revolutionizing World Trade: How Disruptive Technologies Open Opportunities for All by Kati Suominen

  Call Number: HC79.T4 S875 2019

  ISBN: 9781503603608

  Published/Created: 2019

  Almost 15 years ago, in The World is Flat, Thomas Friedman popularized the latest wave of globalization as a world of giant corporate supply chains that tripled world trade between 1990 and 2010. Major corporations such as Apple, Dell, and GE offshored manufacturing to low-cost economies; China became the world's factory, mass-producing and exporting computers and gadgets to Western shoppers. This paradigm of globalization has dominated global trade policy-making and guided hundreds of billions of dollars in business investments and development spending for almost three decades. But we are now on the cusp of a new era. Revolutionizing World Trade argues that technologies such as ecommerce, 3D printing, 5G, the Cloud, blockchain, and artificial intelligence are revolutionizing the economics of trade and global production, empowering businesses of all sizes to make, move, and market products and services worldwide and with greater ease than ever before.

• The Sociology of Globalization by Luke Martell

  Call Number: JZ1318 .M37 2016

  ISBN: 9780745689760

  Published/Created: 2016

  The new edition of this accessible and wide-ranging book demonstrates the distinctive insights that sociology has to bring to the study of globalization. Taking in the cultural, political and economic dimensions of globalization, the book provides a thorough introduction to key debates and critically evaluates the causes and consequences of a globalizing world. Data and literature have been updated throughout the book, with new sections on global cities, the environment and international protests, and expanded discussion of gender. Martell argues that globalization offers many opportunities for greater interaction and participation in societies throughout the world, for instance through the media and migration, but also has dark sides such as conflict, global poverty, climate change and economic insecurity.
  Ebook available onsite via Stacks.

Internet Resources

The following online resources provide additional information on the trends in globalization.

• DHL Global Connectedness Index External

  The 2019 update of the DHL Global Connectedness Index (GCI) highlights key developments in international flows of capital, trade, information, and people. The new report shows that shrinking international capital flows caused global connectedness to dip slightly in 2018. However, despite strong headwinds in global geopolitics and trade, the GCI stayed close to its record high of 2017. The world remains more connected than at almost any other point in history, with no signs of a broad reversal of globalization so far.

• Deglobalization and Its Discontents External

  Richard N. Haass May 12, 2020. Council on Foreign Relations.

• Fulfilling the Promise of Globalization: Advancing Sustainable Development in an Interconnected World External

  Speaking before the UN General Assembly’s Second Committee on 13 October 2017, Mr. Liu highlighted three mega-trends related to globalization: “Shifts in production and labor markets; rapid advances in technology; and climate change.” These trends are expected to shape and influence our future.

• Globalization (McKinsey Global Institute) External

  Reports, analysis, discussion papers and other resources on the topic of globalization from McKinsey Global Institute.

• Globalization in Transition: The Future of Trade and Value Chains (McKinsey Global Institute) External

  "Global value chains are being reshaped by rising demand and new industry capabilities in the developing world as well as a wave of new technologies. This report analyzes the dynamics of global value chains and finds structural shifts that have been hiding in plain sight."

• KOF Globalisation Index (KOF Swiss Economic Institute) External

  The KOF Globalisation Index measures the economic, social and political dimensions of globalisation.

• The Pandemic Adds Momentum to the Deglobalization Trend External

  Douglas A. Irwin (PIIE), April 23, 2020
  "The COVID-19 pandemic is driving the world economy to retreat from global economic integration. ...This retreat will not mark the end of globalization, a process that has reached a historically high level. But globalization can be reversed, at least partially."

• The State of Globalization in 2019, and What It Means for Strategists External

  by Pankaj Ghemawat and Steven A. Altman
  Harvard Business Review, February 06, 2019
  An overview of the state of globalization in recent years.

• What Makes Globalization Really New? Sociological Views on Our Current Globalization. External

  By Romain Lecler, Journal of Global History (2019), 14: 3, 355–373
  The article discusses six aspects of the contemporary globalization: the invention of the terms ‘global’ and ‘globalization’ themselves; the rise of ‘transmigrations’; the rise of value chains, logistics, and ‘emerging’ countries in international trade; global cities and informational capitalism as new geographies of transnational financial flows; the threat to cultural diversity posed by a globalizing culture; and a sociology of globalization that is less and less monopolized by privileged or specific actors, becoming, on the contrary, increasingly ordinary and widespread.

• World Development Report 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains External

  "Global value chains (GVCs) powered the surge of international trade after 1990 and now account for almost half of all trade. This shift enabled an unprecedented economic convergence: poor countries grew rapidly and began to catch up with richer countries. Since the 2008 global financial crisis, however, the growth of trade has been sluggish and the expansion of GVCs has stalled. Meanwhile, serious threats have emerged to the model of trade-led growth. New technologies could draw production closer to the consumer and reduce the demand for labor. And conflicts among large countries could lead to a retrenchment or a segmentation of GVCs. The World Development Report (WDR) 2020: Trading for Development in the Age of Global Value Chains examines whether there is still a path to development through GVCs and trade. "

Notes

What are the drivers of globalization?

What is one of the five major drivers of globalization?

What best describes cultural dimensions of particular concern to global businesses?

What refers to commerce in which goods services or resources cross the border or two or more nations?