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You can read the details below. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. Thank you! View updated privacy policy We've encountered a problem, please try again. UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, JAMAICA SCHOOL OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION MODULE NAME: INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT (MAN1006) PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT (MAN1001) UNIT 8 - Structure and Fundamentals of Organizing Tutorial Questions TRUE or FALSE 1.__T__ The organizing function results in the creation of an organization structure. 2. __T__ The organization structure shows not only reporting relationships but lines of authority and responsibility. 3. __T__ Work specialization is also referred to as division of labour. 4. __F__ The concept of division of labour was first introduced by Henri Fayol. 5.5. __T__ With the division of labour, one department may be subdivided into several sections that relate to that functional area. 6. __T__ Line departments perform tasks that reflect the organization’s primary goal and mission. Short Answer Questions 7. The deployment of organizational resources to achieve strategic goals is known as ___Organizing____. 8.The framework in which the organization defines how tasks are divided, resources are deployed, and departments are coordinated is called Organizational structure . 9.The visual representation of an organization's structure is called the Organization chart . 10. Division of labor is also known as ___Work Specialization____. 11.The degree to which organizational tasks are subdivided into individual jobs is called Work specialization . 12.The Chain of command is an unbroken line of authority that links all persons in an organization and shows who reports to whom. 13.When each employee is held accountable to only one supervisor, it is called ___Unity of command___. 1 Presentation on theme: "Fundamentals of Organizing"— Presentation transcript: 1 Fundamentals of Organizing
2 Organizing The deployment of organizational resources to achieve strategic goals. The deployment of resources is reflected in the division of labor. Formal lines of authority and mechanisms
for coordinating diverse organization tasks. 3 Fundamental Concepts of Organizing 4 Mechanistic Versus Organic Structures 5 Open Vs Closed System 6 Open System Characteristics 7 Span of Management The number of employees reporting to a supervisor.
Traditional view, seven or so per manager. Many organizations today, 30 or more per manager. Generally if supervisors must be closely involved with employees, span should be small. 8 Factors Determining Span of Control
9 Tall Versus Flat Structure 10 Tall vs. Flat Structure 11 Entrepreneuring &
Intrapreneuring (Gifford Pinchot) 12 Organizing Process Differentiation Specialization
13 Organizational Structure 14 Organization Structure 15 The Elements of Structure 16 Four Points About the Organization
Chart 17 Economies and Diseconomies of Work Specialization
18 Work Specialization Tasks are subdivided into individual jobs. 19
Chain of Command Unbroken line of authority that links all persons in an organization. Underlying principles Unity of Command. 20 Departmentalization
21 Departmentalization Basis for grouping job positions into departments and departments into the total organization. Internal Operations
Oriented Functional Network (Virtual) Output Oriented Divisional Product Geographic Customer Team (Cluster) Combinations Hybrid (different types at different places in an org.) Matrix (different types at simultaneous at the same places in an org.)
22 Departmentalization The basis on which individuals are grouped into departments 23 Functional Design Functional design means grouping managers and employees according to their areas of expertise and the resources they use to perform their jobs. 24 Functional Structure 25 Functional Design Potential Pitfalls Potential Benefits
26 Product Design Product design means that all functions that contribute to a product are organized under one manager.
27 Product Design 28 Product Design Potential Benefits Potential Pitfalls 29 Geographical Design Geographical design organizes activities around location. 30 Geographical Structure for Apple Computer 31 Geographical Design Potential Benefits Potential Pitfalls 32 Matrix, Team and Network
33 Matrix Design Functional and divisional chains of command simultaneously Dual lines of authority Functional hierarchy of authority runs vertically
Divisional hierarchy runs laterally Violates the unity of command concept. 34 Matrix Organization Engineering Manager Production Manager Marketing
35 Matrix Design Potential Benefits Potential Pitfalls
36 Team Approach Cross-functional teams consist of employees from various functional departments
Interdisciplinary approach to management Permanent team = to solve ongoing problems Reengineering = radical redesign for improvements in cost, quality, service and speed. 37 Team Approach Same advantages as functional
structure
38 Network Approach Organization divides major functions into separate companies brokered by a small headquarters
organization Especially appropriate for international operations Held together with phones, faxes, and other electronic technology. 39 Network Approach Global competitiveness Work force
flexibility
40 Hybrid Structure Functional Structure Product Structure President 41
Other Forms of Departmentalization 42 Determinants of Organizational Structure 43 individual differences 44 Elements of Design
45 Five Elements of Design
46 Hierarchy Hierarchy is a pyramid showing relationships among levels.
47 Authority, Responsibility, and Accountability 48 Authority Formal and legitimate right of a manager to make decisions, issue
orders, and to allocate resources to achieve organizationally desired outcomes. Authority is distinguished by three characteristics: Authority is vested in organizational positions, not people. Authority is accepted by subordinates. Authority flows down the vertical hierarchy.
49 Responsibility The duty to perform the task or activity an employee has been assigned. Managers need authority commensurate with responsibility.
50 Accountability Mechanism through which authority and responsibility are brought into alignment. People are subject to reporting and justifying task outcomes to those above
them in the chain of command. Can be built into the organization structure. 51 Power An individual’s capacity to influence decisions.
52 Authority Versus Power: Authority 53 Types of Power Coercive power Power based on
fear.
54 Line & Staff Function 55
Line Line departments perform tasks that reflect the organization's primary goal and mission Line authority means that managers have formal authority to direct and control immediate subordinates. 56 Staff Staff departments include all those who provide specialized skills in support of line departments Staff authority is generally more narrow than line authority Staff authority includes the right to advise, recommend, and counsel in the staff specialists' area of expertise.
57 Types of Organizational Authority 58 Line & Staff Conflict Line Theory Bias Dilution of Authority 59 Centralization & Decentralization
60 Centralization Decision authority is located near the top of the organization.
61 Decentralization Decision authority is pushed down the chain of command to lower levels.
62 Decentralization Tends To
63 Centralization versus Decentralization 64 Factors That Influence Centralization/Decentralization 65 DELEGATION 66 Delegation Process managers use to transfer authority. 67 Factor Affecting Delegation 68 Effective Delegation Techniques 69
Effective Organizing Spotting Inflexibility Missing Opportunity
70 Organizational Culture 71 Organizational Culture 72 Characteristics of Organization
Culture 73 Layers of Organizational
Culture 74 Functions Performed By Organizational Culture
75 Steps in Socialization Which department performs those tasks that reflect the organization's primary goals and mission?11. Line departments perform tasks that reflect the organization's primary goal and mission. 12. The right to advise, recommend, and counsel in the staff specialists' area of expertise is included in staff authority.
Which of the following refers to the use of organizational resources to achieve strategic goals?Strategic management is the management of an organization's resources to achieve its goals and objectives.
Who is responsible for coordinating the activities of several departments?Managers coordinate the activities identified in the planning process among individuals, departments, or other units and allocate the resources needed to perform them.
What are the four ways in which departments are commonly organized?The four types are:. Functional structure. In a functional structure, organizations are divided into specialized groups with specific roles and duties. ... . Divisional structure. In a divisional structure, various teams work alongside each other toward a single, common goal. ... . Flatarchy. ... . Matrix structure.. |