What goes into enjoying a cup of hot coffee? There is the distinct fruity, flowery, nutty aroma. Hearing the crunch of when you plunge a spoon into the ground beans. The soothing sound of water being poured. The feeling of warm pressure as you grasp the handle and the side of the mug. And finally the complex taste of the coffee as you enjoy the feeling of heat, comfort and rejuvenation that comes in waves with each sip… Show
There is a lot at play helping you to enjoy your coffee. Today we’re looking at a key player in the process, your sensory neurons. What are sensory neurons?In short, sensory neurons are nerve cells that transmit information gained by our senses to the CNS (Central Nervous System). While there is much debate about how many senses we have, scientists agree we have at least five basic senses to perceive the world around us: vision, olfaction, taste, audition, and touch . It is also certain there are far more than the basic five, however, scientific investigations are still in progress. We can attribute each of these senses to the hard work of our body’s neural circuitries. This intricate system converts peripheral sensory inputs into neural messages or impulses. These impulses travel to the central nervous system for interpretation. How do we sense things?Sensory neurons are connected to the CNS and allow the brain to know what is happening in our environment. Most are unipolar meaning they have dendrites at both ends connected by a long axon and a cell body in the middle. Although each sensory neuron is distinct, they all follow the same process and rely on sensory nerve endings called sensory receptors to sense stimuli. This is how it happens: The jargon: an external stimulus is detected and triggers a process known as sensory transduction. Sensory receptors are activated by the stimuli. The stimuli triggers excitatory or inhibitory responses in the neurons. And, their signals are carried by secondary relay neurons to the CNS for processing. For example: touching your cup of coffee triggers your body’s sensory receptors to send a message to the CNS letting it know it is HOT! Depending on what you touched, a different combination of sensory receptors will activate and send a signal. This allows you to get a different sensation for different things and is why petting a puppy feels different to putting your hand into your cup of coffee which in turn feels different to being upside down. Let’s break this down further: The Two Steps to Sensory Transduction:
What are the different types of sensory neurons? Or rather….This question is actually best answered by answering three others ones. Question 1: where are the endings of the sensory neuron located? Question 2: what morphological characteristics do the neuron receptors have? Question 3: what are the different types of sensory neuron receptors? What are the different types of sensory neuron receptors?You can classify cells based on their morphology, location or by what kind of stimulus they respond to. It is common to group them into 5 classes: mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, nociceptors, electromagnetic receptors and chemoreceptors.
There are so many different types of sensory receptors especially when you look outside of the human body and into other animals. Some of them are super cool like infrared receptors that allow snakes to see the temperature of animals around them, just like infrared goggles! So next time you enjoy a cup of joe, remember all the little neurons working hard to make sure you enjoy every gulp. Additional Resources:Sensory and Motor Mechanisms Chapter 49 Article by Olwen Reina. Contact Olwen at .
What is the process that occurs when special receptors in the sense organs are activated?A sensory activation occurs when a physical or chemical stimulus is processed into a neural signal (sensory transduction) by a sensory receptor. Perception is an individual interpretation of a sensation and is a brain function.
Is the process that occurs when special receptors in the sense organs are activated allowing various forms of outside stimuli to become neural signals in the brain?Sensation occurs when special receptors in the sense organs—the eyes, ears, nose, skin, and taste buds—are activated, allowing various forms of outside stimuli to become neural signals in the brain. (This process of converting outside stimuli, such as light, into neural activity is called transduction.)
What is the activation of the sense organs called?Sensation. The activation of the sense organs by a source of physical energy. Perception. The sorting out, interpretation, analysis, and integration of stimuli by the sense organs and brain.
What is activation of the receptors by stimuli called?Sensation is the activation of sensory receptors at the level of the stimulus. Perception is the central processing of sensory stimuli into a meaningful pattern involving awareness. Perception is dependent on sensation, but not all sensations are perceived.
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________ is the process that occurs when special receptors in the sense organs are activated.
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