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Technical Writing for Success3rd EditionDarlene Smith-Worthington, Sue Jefferson 468 solutions Professional speaker and author Lenny Laskowski feels that improving your speaking skills will improve every area of your life. The following are examples of how public speaking can positively influence your everyday life, your career, your relationships, and much more. Definition A definition is the precise meaning or significance of a word or phrase. In an argument, it can be helpful to establish a common frame of reference for important or ambiguous words, so don't underestimate the importance of definitions. Example An example is a specific instance chosen to represent a larger fact to clarify an abstract idea or support a claim. Good examples must be appropriate, brief, and attention arresting. Quite often, they are presented in groups of two or three for impact. Testimony Testimony uses the comments of recognized authorities to support the claim. These comments can be direct quotations or paraphrases, but direct quotations tend to carry more weight with listeners or readers. When using testimony as support, make sure the individuals being quoted are both generally credible and knowledgeable in the field under discussion. Statistics Statistics provide a summary of data that allows your audience to better interpret information. Statistics can be very persuasive and can provide excellent support. Keep them simple and easy to understand. Also, remember to round off your statistics whenever possible and document the exact source of your statistics. Fact A fact is a tested piece of data. It is something that is known to exist or to have happened. Often, facts can be confirmed by observation or
by talking to commonly accepted authorities. Explanation Explanation makes a point plain or understandable, or gives the cause of some effect, and can be used to clarify your position or provide additional evidence to help make your case. The following four techniques can be used
as part of an explanation: •Use
key words or phrases: A word or two should be enough to trigger your memory, especially if you've practiced adequately. Volume •A speaker who talks too loud could be perceived as overbearing. Aticulation •Poor articulation occurs when the speaker is lazy or mumbles. Often, the speaker will habitually chop, slur, run together, or mumble, rather than enunciate words distinctly and clearly. Pronunciation •Few things distract an audience more than improper pronunciation of words. Some people may consider mispronunciation of a word as a reflection on the speaker's intelligence. Rate •The best rate of speech depends partly on the mood the speaker is trying to create. If the rate is too fast, the audience may lose track of the ideas that the speaker is trying to convey. Pitch •Changing the pitch of your voice can completely change the meaning of a sentence. Changes in the pitch of your voice reveal whether a question is being asked, a statement is being made, or if you are being sincere or sarcastic. Force •Placing emphasis on different words or syllables can change the meaning of a sentence. Pause •Short pauses usually divide points within a sentence and longer pauses note the end of a thought or
sentence. Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 General Policy 3. POLICY. It is DoD policy that: Procedures The following procedures provide guidelines that shall be applied to handling dissident and protest activities among Service members. Paragraph 4 covers the publication of personal writings whether in writing or electronic means (websites). 4. PUBLICATION OF PERSONAL WRITING MATTERS (TO INCLUDE WEB SITES, WEB LOGS (BLOGS), AND OTHER ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS). Service members may not pursue personal writing for publication whether by traditional written or by electronic means (Web sites, BLOGS, and other electronic communications) during duty hours, nor may they use Government or non-appropriated fund property for this purpose, on or off duty, unless it is for official use or authorized purposes only pursuant to section 2-301 of DoD 5500.7-R (Reference (g)). Publication of such matters by military personnel off-post, on their own time, and with their own money and equipment is not prohibited; however, if such a publication contains language the utterance of which is punishable under Federal law or otherwise violates this Instruction or other DoD issuances, those involved in printing, publishing, or distributing it may be disciplined or face appropriate administrative action for such infractions. (a) Any person ... who solicits or advises another or others to desert in
violation of Article 85 or mutiny in violation of Article 94 shall, if the offense solicited or advised is attempted or committed, be punished with the punishment provided for the commission of the offense, but, if the offense solicited or advised is not committed or attempted, he shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. •This article makes it illegal to encourage fellow Service members to desert, mutiny, commit an act of misbehavior, or to incite rebellion against government authority. Though not specifically
mentioned in this chapter, all disorders and neglects to the prejudice of good order and discipline in the armed forces, all conduct of a nature to bring discredit upon the Armed Forces, and crimes and offenses not capital, of which persons subject to this chapter may be guilty, shall be taken cognizance of by a general, special, or summary court-martial, according to the nature and degree of the offense, and shall be punished at the discretion of that court. The following references provide additional guidelines and information regarding making unofficial posts on social media, security measures to follow, and what types of political activities are okay and which are prohibited. Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question
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