He response to the assertion that one should only care about ones own interests.

Psychological egoism is the view that

a. all men ought to be selfish in everything they do.
b. all men are selfish in everything they do.
c. both a and b.
d. neither a nor b.

Rachels claims that moral skeptics attack the claim that

a. we have an obligation to consider the welfare of other people when we decide what actions to perform.
b. we must respect others' rights and interests as well as our own.
c. people are not wholly selfish
d. all of the above.

According to Glaucon, the virtuous man who possessed Gyges' ring would

a. behave no better than the rogue.
b. behave slightly better than the rogue.
c. behave significantly better than the rogue.
d. continue to act fully virtuously.

Ethical egoism is the view that

a. all men ought to be selfish in everything they do.
b. all men are selfish in everything they do.
c. both a and b.
d. neither a nor b.

Rachels argues that the following is an exception to the claim that people never voluntarily do anything except what they want to do:

a. actions that we may not want to do, but that we do anyway as a means to an end that we want to achieve.
b. actions that we do because we feel ourselves under an obligation to do them.
c. both a and b.
d. neither a nor b.

According to Rachels, if Smith wants to do something that will help his friend, even when it means forgoing his own enjoyments,

a. he acts selfishly.
b. he acts unselfishly.
c. he does what he ought to do.
d. he acts impermissibly.

Rachels argues that if we have a positive attitude toward the attainment of some goal

a. we may derive satisfaction from attaining that goal.
b. b. the object of our attitude is the attainment of that goal.
c. c. we must want to attain the goal before we can find any satisfaction in it.
d. all of the above.

Rachels calls ethical egoism

a. a plausible doctrine.
b. a strange doctrine.
c. a radical doctrine.
d. a dangerous doctrine.

Rachels claims the egoist's worry that decent society will collapse if he does not honor the rules is unfounded because

a. the vast majority of people are not egoists.
b. the vast majority of people will not be converted to egoism by his example.
c. both a and b.
d. neither a nor b.

According to Rachels, the rational egoist

a. cannot advocate that egoism be universally adopted by everyone.
b. can advocate that egoism be universally adopted by everyone.
c. cannot live by his own doctrine.
d. can live by his own doctrine.

Rachels claims that psychological egoism rests on the following confusion:

a. the confusion of selfishness with self-interest.
b. the confusion that every action is done eitherfromself-interest or from other-regarding motives.
c. the confusion that one's own welfare is incompatible with any genuine concern for the welfare of others.
d. all of the above.

Rachels argues that we should interpret the ethical egoist as

a. urging the advancement of each person's self-interest.
b. preferring a world in which his own interests were maximized.
c. wanting to have certain character traits that lead to a flourishing life.
d. none of the above.

Rachels maintains that advocating one thing but doing another is

a. consistent.
b. inconsistent.
c. irrational.
d. immoral.

According to Rachels, the welfare of others is something that most of us

a. value indirectly.
b. value for the sake of something else.
c. value for its own sake.
d. value for our own sake.

Rachels holds that a fundamental requirement of rational action is

a. that reasons for action always depend on the prior existence of certain attitudes in the agent.
b. that reasons for action need not depend on the prior existence of certain attitudes in the agent.
c. that reasons for action do not depend on the prior existence of certain attitudes in the agent.
d. none of the above.